Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 116, Shloka 41

सीतासान्त्वनम् / Hanuman Consoles Sita with the News of Victory

Devanagari script

भाग्यवैषम्यदोषेणपुरस्ताद्धुष्कृतेन च ।मयैतत्प्राप्यसर्वंस्वकृतंह्युपभुज्यते ।।6.116.41।।

Transliteration

bhāgya-vaiṣamya-doṣeṇa purastād duṣkṛtena ca | mayaitat prāpya sarvaṃ svakṛtaṃ hy upabhujyate ||6.116.41||

Translation

苛烈な運命の偏りゆえ、また私の過去の悪しき行いゆえに、これらすべてが私に降りかかった。まことに人は自らの業の果を受けるのだ。

Word by Word

• bhāgya-vaiṣamya-doṣeṇa: due to the fault of unequal fate
• bhāgya-vaiṣamya-doṣeṇa: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāgya (प्रातिपदिक) + vaiṣamya (प्रातिपदिक) + doṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, instrumental (तृतीया) singular; tatpuruṣa chain 'bhāgyasya vaiṣamyam' + 'tasya doṣaḥ'

• purastāt: formerly / earlier
• purastāt: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: purastāt (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb (काल/देश)

• duṣkṛtena: by (my) misdeed
• duṣkṛtena: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duṣkṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, instrumental (तृतीया) singular

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Kartr̥ (कर्ता/agent) (in relation to prior deed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, instrumental (तृतीया) singular

• etat: this
• etat: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, neuter, nominative (प्रथमा) singular (as subject of upabhujyate)

• prāpya: having met with
• prāpya: Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: āp (धातु) + pra- + ya (ल्यप्)
• Form: Absolutive/gerund (ल्यप्), indeclinable; 'having obtained/encountered'

• sarvam: all (of it)
• sarvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, accusative (द्वितीया) singular; object of implied 'to experience' / apposition to etat

• sva-kṛtam: one's own deed
• sva-kṛtam: Karta (कर्ता) (predicate nominative with etat)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, nominative (प्रथमा) singular; tatpuruṣa 'svayam kṛtam' (one's own done deed)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphasis/indeed

• upabhujyate: is experienced (as result)
• upabhujyate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhuj (धातु) + upa-
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd person singular, ātmanepada; passive-like sense 'is experienced/enjoyed'

Characters & Entities

• Sita
• Hanuman
• Karma (implicit doctrine of svakṛta-phala)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Personal accountability (karma): Sita frames suffering as connected to prior causes, discouraging revenge and encouraging ethical self-restraint and truthfulness about consequences.

What is the narrative situation?

Sita explains why she does not approve of anger toward the rākṣasīs, interpreting her ordeal through fate and the fruits of actions.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Forbearance (kṣamā) and moral clarity—Sita accepts hardship without endorsing retaliatory cruelty.