Shloka 19

ऐन्द्ररथप्रदानम्

Indra’s Chariot Offered to Rāma; The Duel Intensifies

Devanagari script

तद्भभूवाद्भुतंयुद्धंतुमुलंरोमहर्षणम् ।रामस्य च महाबाहोरावणस्य च रक्षसः ।।।।

Transliteration

tadā bhavad adbhutaṁ yuddhaṁ tumulaṁ romaharṣaṇam | rāmasya ca mahābāho rāvaṇasya ca rakṣasaḥ ||

Translation

そのとき、驚くべき戦いが起こった。轟き荒れ、身の毛もよだつほどの激戦が、強大な腕をもつラーマと、羅刹ラーヴァナとの間に繰り広げられた。

Word by Word

• तत्: that (battle)
• तत्: कर्ता/विषय (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• बभूव: became/occurred
• बभूव: क्रिया (Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• अद्भुतम्: wonderful, astonishing
• अद्भुतम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier) युद्धम्

• युद्धम्: battle
• युद्धम्: कर्ता/विषय (Subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तुमुलम्: tumultuous, fierce
• तुमुलम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुमुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण युद्धम्

• रोम-हर्षणम्: thrilling, hair-raising
• रोम-हर्षणम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रोम (प्रातिपदिक) + हर्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘रोम्णां हर्षणम्’ = ‘causing hair to bristle’; विशेषण युद्धम्

• रामस्य: of Rāma
• रामस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• महाबाहोः: of the mighty-armed (one)
• महाबाहोः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + बाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: ‘महान्तौ बाहू यस्य’ = ‘mighty-armed’ (epithet of Rāma)

• रावणस्य: of Rāvaṇa
• रावणस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• रक्षसः: of the rākṣasa (demon)
• रक्षसः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; रावणस्य इत्यस्य अप्पोजिशन्

Context

Rama discharged dreadful shafts at Ravana's army in the forefront. Ravana ascended another chariot and went towards Rama, just as the planet Rahu moved towards the Sun.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Rāvaṇa
• Rakṣasa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is the solemn gravity of righteous warfare: a decisive confrontation undertaken to restore moral order, not for cruelty or spectacle.

What is the narrative situation?

The text marks the intensity and extraordinary nature of the direct Rama–Ravana combat at its height.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s heroic steadiness (dhairya) in a fearsome trial, sustaining righteous purpose amid overwhelming violence.