Shloka 42

लक्ष्मण-प्राणरक्षा:

Lakshmana’s Revival by the Herb-Mountain

Devanagari script

न हिमेजीवितेनार्थस्सीतयाविजयनेवा ।।।।कोहिमेवदतेनार्धस्त्वयिपञ्चत्वमागते ।

Transliteration

na hi me jīvitena arthaḥ sītayā vijayena vā | ko hi me vadatena arthaḥ tvayi pañcatvam āgate ||

Translation

「もし汝が死に落ちたなら、我にとって命は無益、シーターも勝利もまた意味を失う。汝が五大に帰したなら、我が言葉にいかなる価値があろうか。」

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)

• hi: indeed/for
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• me: for me/of me
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (genitive), एकवचन

• jīvitena: with life / by living
• jīvitena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jīvita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (instrumental), एकवचन

• arthaḥ: use/meaning
• arthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (nominative), एकवचन

• sītayā: with Sita / by Sita
• sītayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (instrumental), एकवचन

• vijayena: with victory
• vijayena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vijaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (instrumental), एकवचन

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक अव्यय (disjunctive 'or')

• kaḥ: what? / which?
• kaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• me: for me/of me
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (genitive), एकवचन

• vadatena: by you who speak / by your speaking
• vadatena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vadat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'त्वयि' इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (agreeing with 'you')

• arthaḥ: use/point
• arthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• tvayi: in you / when you
• tvayi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (locative), एकवचन

• pañcatvam: death (becoming the five elements)
• pañcatvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pañcatva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (accusative), एकवचन; 'पञ्चत्वं गमनम्' = death (becoming the five elements)

• āgate: when (it) has come/occurred
• āgate: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√gam (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute sense: 'when ... has come')

Context

Embracing Saumithri, Rama spoke 'luckily you have recovered from death again and I am able to see you'.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sītā
• Vijaya (victory)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here highlights truthful speech arising from love and responsibility—Rāma admits that righteous goals (victory, reunion) lose meaning if the dharmic companion is lost.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma expresses the depth of his relief and the magnitude of what Lakṣmaṇa’s loss would have meant.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s emotional honesty and profound valuing of loyal kinship.