Shloka 8

राक्षसेन्द्रनिवेशनविचारः

Survey of Ravana’s Residence and Lanka’s Inner Quarters

Devanagari script

दृश्यैश्च परमोदारैस्तैस्तैश्च मृगपक्षिभिः।विविधै र्बहुसाहस्रैः परिपूर्णं समन्ततः।।।।

Transliteration

dṛśyaiś ca paramōdārais tais tais ca mṛgapakṣibhiḥ |

vividhair bahusāhasraiḥ paripūrṇaṃ samantataḥ ||

Translation

その周囲は、幾千ものさまざまな美しく愛らしい獣と鳥とで、あまねく満ちていた。

Word by Word

• दृश्यैः: beautiful, worth seeing
• दृश्यैः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दृश्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; मृगपक्षिभिः इति विशेषणम्

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• परम-उदारैः: most noble/splendid
• परम-उदारैः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक) + उदार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंस, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘परमाश्च ते उदाराश्च’

• तैः: with those (various)
• तैः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंस, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; पुनरुक्त-प्रयोगः (तैः तैः) = ‘various/each and every’

• तैः: with those (different kinds of)
• तैः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंस, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तैः तैः (reduplication)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• मृग-पक्षिभिः: with beasts and birds
• मृग-पक्षिभिः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृग (प्रातिपदिक) + पक्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः) ‘मृगाश्च पक्षिणश्च’

• विविधैः: various
• विविधैः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंस, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; मृगपक्षिभिः इति विशेषणम्

• बहु-साहस्रैः: in many thousands
• बहु-साहस्रैः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु (प्रातिपदिक) + साहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंस, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; समासः (तत्पुरुषः) ‘बहूनि साहस्राणि’ = ‘many thousands’

• परिपूर्णम्: completely filled
• परिपूर्णम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि + पूर् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (नगरं/वेश्म) इति विशेषणम्

• समन्ततः: on all sides
• समन्ततः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: देश-अव्यय (adverb of place)

Context

The palace was embellished with excellent seats and vessels with many precious gems. There were spacious places to accommodate big chariorts filled with shouts of great charioteers.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Laṅkā (implied setting)
• animals (mṛga)
• birds (pakṣi)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It points to abundance and enjoyment; dharma reflection is that prosperity is ethically neutral—its moral value depends on how it is used and whether it supports righteous living.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān notes the luxuriant, pleasure-filled environment surrounding the palaces.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Attentiveness—Hanumān carefully registers the surroundings while remaining unseen.