Shloka 110

सुन्दरकाण्डे अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः

हनुमद्वृत्तान्तकथनम्, सीताभिज्ञान-प्रदानम्, लङ्कादाह-वर्णनम्

Devanagari script

मां च दृष्ट्वा वने तस्मिन् समागम्य ततस्ततः।ता स्समभ्यागताः क्षिप्रं रावणायाचचक्षिरे।।5.58.110।।

Transliteration

māṃ ca dṛṣṭvā vane tasmin samāgamya tataḥ tataḥ | tāḥ samabhyāgatāḥ kṣipraṃ rāvaṇāya ācacakṣire ||

Translation

その林で私を見て、彼女らはあちこちから集まり、急いで羅波那に事の次第を告げに行った。

Word by Word

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial to main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकाल (prior action)

• वने: in the garden/wood
• वने: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: विशेषण (Qualifier of वने)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (demonstrative), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• समागम्य: having assembled/come together
• समागम्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial to main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), उपसर्गयुक्त-धातु (with prefixes)

• ततः: from there/then
• ततः: देश/काल-क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb of place/sequence)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb), तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb)

• ततः: here and there
• ततः: देश-क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb of place: here and there)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb), पुनरुक्ति (reduplication for distributive sense)

• ताः: they (those women)
• ताः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• समभ्यागताः: having come/approached
• समभ्यागताः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-अभि-आ-गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकर्तरि (past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• क्षिप्रम्: quickly/at once
• क्षिप्रम्: काल-क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb of time/manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्षिप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावेन प्रयुक्तम् (used adverbially), क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• रावणाय: to Ravana
• रावणाय: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative), एकवचन (Singular)

• आचचक्षिरे: reported/told
• आचचक्षिरे: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-चक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• rākṣasī (ogresses)
• Aśoka-vana
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse shows how adharma systems rely on surveillance and reporting to power; dharma advances by confronting such power structures and bringing hidden injustice into open conflict.

What is the narrative situation?

The rākṣasīs, alarmed by Hanumān’s presence and destruction, assemble and inform Rāvaṇa promptly.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s boldness: he acts openly enough that the enemy must respond directly.