Shloka 17

हनूमत्सीतासंवादः

Hanuman’s Offer of Rescue and Sita’s Dharmic Refusal

Devanagari script

इति सञ्जल्पमानां तां रामार्थे शोककर्शिताम्।आश्रुसम्पूर्णनयनामुवाच वचनं कपिः।।।।

Transliteration

iti sañjalpamānāṃ tāṃ rāmārthe śokakarśitām |

āśrusampūrṇanayanām uvāca vacanaṃ kapiḥ ||

Translation

このように語りつづける彼女は、ラーマを思う悲しみにやつれ、涙に満ちた眼をしていた。そのとき猿は言葉をもって彼女に語りかけた。

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle/quotative), ‘thus’ इत्यर्थे

• सञ्जल्पमानाम्: (her) speaking/uttering
• सञ्जल्पमानाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: saṃ-jalp (धातु) + śatṛ/śānac (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचनस्य विशेषणरूपेण (object-qualifier)

• ताम्: her
• ताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• रामार्थे: for Rama’s sake
• रामार्थे: Hetu (हेतु/कारण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष समास (रामस्य अर्थः = रामार्थः); पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; हेतौ/निमित्ते ‘for the sake of’

• शोककर्शिताम्: emaciated by sorrow
• शोककर्शिताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक) + karśita (कृदन्त, कर्श् धातोः क्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष समास (शोकेन कर्शिता); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘tām’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• आश्रु-सम्पूर्ण-नयनाम्: whose eyes were full of tears
• आश्रु-सम्पूर्ण-नयनाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aśru (प्रातिपदिक) + sampūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त) + nayana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (आश्रुभिः सम्पूर्णे नयने यस्याः); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; ‘ताम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• उवाच: said/spoke
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• वचनम्: words/speech
• वचनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• कपिः: the monkey (Hanuman)
• कपिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kapi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

Context

While Sita, tormented with grief on account of Rama was thus speaking, her eyes filled with tears, the monkey said:

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāma
• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes compassionate response to suffering—Hanumān’s timely speech arises in the presence of Sītā’s pain.

What is the narrative situation?

After Sītā’s lament and praise of Rāma, the narration turns to Hanumān beginning his reply.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Karunā (compassion) and seva-bhāva (service-mindedness) in Hanumān’s approach.