Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 30, Shloka 41

हनुमता सीतासंवादोपायचिन्ता

Hanuman’s Deliberation on How to Address Sita

Devanagari script

राममक्लिष्टकर्माणं सुबन्धुमनुकीर्तयन्।।।।नैनामुद्वेजयिष्यामि तद्बन्धुगतमानसाम्।

Transliteration

rāmam akliṣṭakarmāṇaṃ subandhum anukīrtayan | nainām udvejayiṣyāmi tadbandhugatamānasām ||

Translation

ラーマ—行いに揺るぎなく、彼女にとって愛しき縁者—を讃えて語れば、彼女を驚かせはしない。彼女の心はその愛する人に定まっているのだから。

Word by Word

• rāmam: Rama
• rāmam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः; द्वितीया; एकवचनम्

• akliṣṭakarmāṇam: whose deeds are untroubled (unwearied in action)
• akliṣṭakarmāṇam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-kliṣṭa (√kliś, क्त-प्रत्यय) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः बहुव्रीहिः (akliṣṭāni karmāṇi yasya saḥ); पुंलिङ्गः; द्वितीया; एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् rāmam

• subandhum: a dear kinsman/friend
• subandhum: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: su- (उपसर्ग) + bandhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः; द्वितीया; एकवचनम्; (appositional to rāmam: "a good/dear kinsman")

• anukīrtayan: praising/mentioning
• anukīrtayan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu- + √kīrt (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्तः शतृ-प्रत्यय (present active participle); पुंलिङ्गः; प्रथमा; एकवचनम्; कर्तरि; विशेषणम् (implicit aham/hanumān)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• enām: her
• enām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; स्त्रीलिङ्गः; द्वितीया; एकवचनम्

• udvejayiṣyāmi: I will frighten/alarm
• udvejayiṣyāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ud- + √vij (धातु)
• Form: लकारः लृट् (Simple Future); परस्मैपदम्; उत्तमपुरुषः; एकवचनम्; णिच्-प्रयोग (causative): "I will cause to be alarmed"

• tadbandhugatamānasām: whose mind is fixed on that kinsman (Rama)
• tadbandhugatamānasām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम) + bandhu (प्रातिपदिक) + gata (√gam, क्त) + mānasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः बहुव्रीहिः (tad-bandhu-gataṃ mānasaṃ yasyāḥ sā); स्त्रीलिङ्गः; द्वितीया; एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् enām

Context

"By praising Rama who is very dear, who is judicious in action and in whom her mind is absorbed, I will not create fear.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rāma
• Sītā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma joins truth with compassionate method: Hanumān chooses a truthful, reassuring approach—invoking Rāma’s virtues—so that communication protects Sītā’s emotional safety.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān prepares to introduce himself to Sītā by first praising Rāma, knowing her heart is centered on him and this will reduce fear.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bhakti and tact: devotion to Rāma expressed through skillful, gentle persuasion.