Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 26

लङ्काप्रवेशः

Hanuman Enters Lanka and Encounters Laṅkā-devatā

Devanagari script

का त्वं विरूपनयना पुरद्वारेऽवतिष्ठसि।किमर्थं चापि मां रुद्ध्वा निर्भर्त्सयसि दारुणा।।।।

Transliteration

kā tvaṃ virūpa-nayanā pura-dvāre ’vatiṣṭhasi | kim-arthaṃ cāpi māṃ ruddhvā nirbhartsayasi dāruṇā ||

Translation

汝は誰ぞ、眼差し歪みて恐ろしき者よ、城門に立つは。なぜ我を遮り、苛烈に叱りつけ脅すのか。

Word by Word

• का: who (f.)
• का: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• विरूपनयना: ugly-eyed
• विरूपनयना: विशेषणम् (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-रूप + नयन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (विरूपे नयने यस्याः सा)

• पुरद्वारे: at the city-gate
• पुरद्वारे: अधिकरणम् (Adhikarana/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुर + द्वार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (द्वार), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पुरस्य द्वारम्)

• अवतिष्ठसि: you stand
• अवतिष्ठसि: क्रिया (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-स्था (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपदम्

• किमर्थम्: why
• किमर्थम्: हेतु (Reason)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किम् + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative adverb: for what reason/why)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Emphasis/Addition)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावना/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also/even)

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• रुद्ध्वा: having blocked
• रुद्ध्वा: पूर्वक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुध् (धातु) + त्वा (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वक्रिया (having obstructed)

• निर्भर्त्सयसि: you threaten / rebuke
• निर्भर्त्सयसि: क्रिया (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर्भर्त्स् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्

• दारुणा: cruel / dreadful
• दारुणा: विशेषणम् (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृपद-विशेषणम्

Context

"Who are you, terrible woman of ugly, distorted eyes? Why are you obstructing me at the gate of the city? Why do you impound upon me?

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Laṅkā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Maryādā (propriety and rightful conduct): Hanumān challenges unjust obstruction and intimidation, implying that force should be grounded in legitimate duty, not mere aggression.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān is stopped at Laṅkā’s entrance area by a fearsome female figure and questions her identity and motive.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fearlessness and clarity: Hanumān confronts opposition by demanding reasons rather than yielding to threats.