Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 24

लङ्काप्रवेशः

Hanuman Enters Lanka and Encounters Laṅkā-devatā

Devanagari script

न शक्यं खल्वियं लङ्का प्रवेष्टुं वानर त्वया।रक्षिता रावणबलैरभिगुप्ता समन्ततः।।।।

Transliteration

na śakyaṃ khalv iyaṃ laṅkā praveṣṭuṃ vānara tvayā | rakṣitā rāvaṇabalair abhiguptā samantataḥ ||

Translation

まことに、このランカーへは汝には入れぬ、ヴァーナラよ。ラーヴァナの軍勢が守り、四方ことごとく厳重に固められている。

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (particle of negation)

• शक्यम्: possible
• शक्यम्: विधेय (Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicative adjective: possible)

• खलु: indeed
• खलु: सम्बोधन-भाव (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: खलु (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/सम्भावनार्थक-अव्यय (particle: indeed/surely)

• इयम्: this
• इयम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• लङ्का: Lanka
• लङ्का: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लङ्का (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रवेष्टुम्: to enter
• प्रवेष्टुम्: प्रयोजन (Purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-विश् (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-रूप (infinitive), क्रियार्थ (to enter)

• वानर: O monkey
• वानर: सम्बोधनम् (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: कर्ता (Karta/Agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• रक्षिता: protected
• रक्षिता: विधेय (Predicate/Attribute)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रक्ष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; लङ्काया विशेषणम्

• रावणबलैः: by Ravana's forces
• रावणबलैः: करणम् (Instrument/Agent-group)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (बल), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (रावणस्य बलानि)

• अभिगुप्ता: well-guarded / secured
• अभिगुप्ता: विधेय (Attribute)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-गुप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; लङ्काया विशेषणम्

• समन्ततः: everywhere / all around
• समन्ततः: अधिकरणम् (Spatial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: परितोऽर्थक-अव्यय (adverb: on all sides)

Context

"O vanara! this Lanka is a secret place protected by Ravana's army everywhere. It is surely not possible for you to enter this city".

Characters & Entities

• Laṅkā
• Hanumān
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is tested by obstacles: the warning underscores that righteous aims often meet fortified resistance, and perseverance must be guided by prudence and courage.

What is the narrative situation?

The guardian declares Laṅkā to be heavily protected and attempts to deter or stop Hanumān from proceeding further.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kṣānti and dhṛti (endurance and steadfastness): the verse sets the stage for Hanumān’s unwavering continuation despite deterrence.