Shloka 70

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

कपिवातश्च बलवान् मेघवातश्च निःसृतः।सागरं भीमनिर्घोषं कम्पयामासतुर्भृशम्।।।।

Transliteration

kapivātaś ca balavān meghavātaś ca niḥsṛtaḥ | sāgaraṃ bhīmanirghoṣaṃ kampayāmāsatur bhṛśam ||

Translation

猿の躍動が起こした強風と、雲より吹き出した風とが相まって、大海を激しく揺さぶり、恐るべき轟音を響かせた。

Word by Word

• कपिवातः: the monkey-wind
• कपिवातः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि (प्रातिपदिक) + वात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष: कपेः वातः (wind caused by the monkey); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• बलवान्: powerful
• बलवान्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बलवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; qualifying कपिवातः

• मेघवातः: the cloud-wind
• मेघवातः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेघ (प्रातिपदिक) + वात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष: मेघस्य वातः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• निःसृतः: rushing forth
• निःसृतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निस्-सृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; qualifying (कपिवातः/मेघवातः) as a shared predicate

• सागरम्: the ocean
• सागरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सागर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• भीमनिर्घोषम्: with dreadful roar
• भीमनिर्घोषम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम (प्रातिपदिक) + निर्घोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय: भीमः निर्घोषः यस्य; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifying सागरम्

• कम्पयामासतुः: the two shook/agitated
• कम्पयामासतुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कम्प् (धातु) + णिच् (causative)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन; परस्मैपद; causative (णिजन्त): ‘caused to shake’

• भृशम्: violently
• भृशम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/रीति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भृशम् (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाण/तीव्रता-अव्यय (adverb: greatly/violently)

Context

The forceful wind generated by the monkey moving swiftly, and by the clouds agitatedthe ocean violently, creating dreadful sounds.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Ocean (Sāgara)
• Clouds (Megha)
• Wind (Vāta)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is portrayed as a force that moves the world: when a righteous mission is pursued with full effort, even nature seems to respond to its momentum.

What is the narrative situation?

As Hanumān speeds onward, winds—both from his motion and from clouds—agitate the sea into a fearsome roar.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Udyama (energetic initiative) that is so intense it becomes palpable in the surrounding world.