Shloka 199

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

स तैः सम्भावितः पूज्यः प्रतिपन्नप्रयोजनः।।।।जगामाकाशमाविश्य पन्नगाशनवत्कपिः।

Transliteration

sa taiḥ sambhāvitaḥ pūjyaḥ pratipannaprayojanaḥ | jagāmākāśam āviśya pannagāśanavat kapiḥ ||

Translation

彼らに敬われたその尊き猿は、目的を胸に定め、虚空へと舞い上がり、蛇を食らうガルダのごとく疾く進んだ。

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• तैः: by them
• तैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• सम्भावितः: honoured
• सम्भावितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + भू (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• पूज्यः: venerable
• पूज्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूज्य (प्रातिपदिक; √पूज् से यत्)
• Form: कृदन्त; यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• प्रतिपन्न-प्रयोजनः: one who has achieved the purpose
• प्रतिपन्न-प्रयोजनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतिपन्न (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पद्/√पद् with प्रति) + प्रयोजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—बहुव्रीहि (प्रतिपन्नं प्रयोजनं यस्य सः)

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• आकाशम्: the sky
• आकाशम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आकाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आविश्य: having entered/ascended into
• आविश्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + विश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वक्रिया

• पन्नग-आशन-वत्: like Garuḍa (eater of serpents)
• पन्नग-आशन-वत्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पन्नग (प्रातिपदिक) + आशन (प्रातिपदिक) + वत् (तद्धित)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (पन्नगानाम् आशनः = गरुडः) + वत्-प्रत्यय (like)

• कपिः: the monkey
• कपिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

Honoured by them the venerable monkey went ascending into the sky like Garuda to achieve the objective.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Garuḍa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is steadfast commitment to a righteous mission: once entrusted with service (seeking Sītā for Rāma), Hanumān accepts honour humbly and proceeds without delay, placing duty above comfort.

What is the narrative situation?

After being honoured by his allies for undertaking the task, Hanumān launches into the air to begin/continue the great crossing toward Laṅkā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Purposeful resolve (niścaya) joined with disciplined service (sevā): he is praised, yet remains focused on accomplishing the mission.