Shloka 117

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

तदिदं गन्धवत्स्वादु कन्दमूलफलं बहु।तदास्वाद्य हरिश्रेष्ठ विश्रान्तोऽनु गमिष्यसि।।।।

Transliteration

tad idaṃ gandhavat svādu kandamūla-phalaṃ bahu | tad āsvādya hariśreṣṭha viśrānto 'nu gamiṣyasi ||

Translation

猿の中の最勝者よ――ここに香り高く甘美な根や果実、塊茎が豊かにある。味わい、しばし憩ってから、旅を続けよ。

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; idaṃ iti samānādhikaraṇa (correlative)

• idam: this
• idam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; kandamūlaphalam iti viśeṣaṇam

• gandhavat: fragrant
• gandhavat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gandhavat (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; 'possessing fragrance'

• svādu: tasty, sweet
• svādu: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svādu (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; 'tasty'

• kanda-mūla-phalam: tubers, roots and fruits
• kanda-mūla-phalam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kanda (प्रातिपदik) + mūla (प्रातिपदik) + phala (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (kanda + mūla + phala) as a collective

• bahu: plentiful
• bahu: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; kandamūlaphalam iti viśeṣaṇam

• tat: that (food)
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napuṃsaka, Dvitīyā (Acc.,2nd), Ekavacana; object of āsvādya

• āsvādya: having tasted
• āsvādya: Kriyā-anuvṛtti (पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√svad (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्) form; 'having tasted'

• hari-śreṣṭha: O best of monkeys
• hari-śreṣṭha: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदik) + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (Voc.), Ekavacana; तत्पुरुषः—'हरीणां श्रेष्ठः'

• viśrāntaḥ: rested
• viśrāntaḥ: Karta-anuguṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viśrānta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदik; √śram + vi-)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Kta-participle; (tvam) implied

• anu: afterwards
• anu: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: anu (अव्यय)
• Form: Upasarga/avyaya used adverbially 'afterwards'

• gamiṣyasi: you will go
• gamiṣyasi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु)
• Form: Luṭ-lakāra (Simple Future), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd), Ekavacana; Parasmaipada

Context

"O foremost of the monkeys! after eating plenty of sweet and tasty roots and fruits and resting a while you may go.

Characters & Entities

• Maināka
• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Atithi-dharma (honouring a guest): offering food and rest to a traveller is presented as righteous conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

As Hanumān flies over the ocean toward Laṅkā, Maināka rises from the sea and invites him to pause, eat, and rest.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Maināka’s generosity and respectful hospitality toward a noble traveller.