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Shloka 5

मैत्रीप्रतिज्ञा-वैरकारणप्रश्नः

Friendship Vow and Inquiry into the Cause of Enmity

अहमप्यनुरूपस्ते वयस्यो ज्ञास्यसे शनैः।न तु वक्तुं समर्थोऽहं स्वयमात्मगतान्गुणान्।।

aham apy anurūpas te vayasyō jñāsyase śanaiḥ |

na tu vaktuṁ samartho ’haṁ svayam ātma-gatān guṇān ||

やがてあなたは、私もまたあなたにふさわしい友であると知るでしょう。けれども、自らの内にある徳を自分で語ることは、私にはできません。

अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, एकवचन, प्रथमा
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also)
अनुरूपःsuitable; worthy
अनुरूपः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootanurūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; ते इति सम्बन्धे विधेय-विशेषण
तेto you
ते:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, एकवचन, चतुर्थी (Dative)
वयस्यःfriend
वयस्यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvayasya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; सखि-अर्थे
ज्ञास्यसेyou will know
ज्ञास्यसे:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√jñā (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
शनैःgradually
शनैः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootśanaiḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: gradually/slowly)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्यय (but)
वक्तुम्to speak
वक्तुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), अव्ययभाव
समर्थःable
समर्थः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsamartha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; अहम् इति विशेषणम्
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, एकवचन, प्रथमा
स्वयम्myself
स्वयम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, आत्मनः-विशेषण (reflexive adverb: oneself)
आत्मगतान्belonging to myself
आत्मगतान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक) + gata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √gam)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (आत्मनि गताः = pertaining to oneself); पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, द्वितीया; गुणान् इति विशेषणम्
गुणान्qualities
गुणान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, द्वितीया (Accusative)

'O Rama, since you, born in Raghava dynasty, have become my friend with fire as witness, I have become equally honourable among my relatives and friends.

S
Sugrīva
R
Rāma

FAQs

Dharma is expressed as humility aligned with truth (satya): one’s worth should be known through conduct over time, not self-praise.

Sugrīva reassures Rāma of his reliability while refusing to boast, letting his actions establish trust.

Humility and restraint in speech—avoiding self-glorification while committing to proven friendship.