Shloka 15

लक्ष्मणक्रोधः सुग्रीवप्रबोधनं च

Lakshmana’s Wrath and the Summoning of Sugriva

Devanagari script

सालतालाश्वकर्णांश्च तरसा पातयन्बहून्।पर्यस्यन्गिरिकूटानि द्रुमानन्यांश्च वेगतः4.31.14।।शिलाश्च शकलीकुर्वन्पद्भ्यां गज इवाशुगः।दूरामेकपदं त्यक्त्वा ययौ कार्यवशाद्द्रुतम्4.31.15।।

Transliteration

sālatālāśvakarṇāṃś ca tarasā pātayan bahūn |

paryasyan girikūṭāni drumān anyāṃś ca vegataḥ 4.31.14 ||

śilāś ca śakalīkurvan padbhyāṃ gaja ivāśugaḥ |

dūrām ekapadaṃ tyaktvā yayau kāryavaśād drutam 4.31.15 ||

Translation

務めに駆られたラクシュマナは、疾走する象のごとく速く駆け進み、多くの樹をなぎ倒し、岩峰を覆し、足もとで石を砕きつつ急ぎ行った。

Word by Word

• शिलाः: rocks
• शिलाः: कर्म (Karma; object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• शकलीकुर्वन्: breaking into pieces
• शकलीकुर्वन्: कर्ता (Kartā; doer—participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: शतृ (Present Active Participle) with denominative/causative sense from शकली (to pieces); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि

• पद्भ्याम्: with (his) two feet
• पद्भ्याम्: करण (Karaṇa; instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), द्विवचन (Dual)

• गजः: an elephant
• गजः: उपमान (Upamāna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• इव: like
• इव: उपमा-सूचक
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमावाचक-अव्यय (comparative indeclinable)

• आशुगः: swift
• आशुगः: कर्ता-विशेषण (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आशुग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• दूरम्: a long distance
• दूरम्: देशाधिकरण/परिमाण (extent)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (accusative of extent)

• एकपदम्: one step (one foot)
• एकपदम्: कर्म (object of tyaktvā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एक + पद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; (one step/one foot)

• त्यक्त्वा: having left/put down
• त्यक्त्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal)

• ययौ: went
• ययौ: क्रिया (Kriyā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• कार्यवशात्: due to the task’s necessity
• कार्यवशात्: हेतु (Hetu; cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कार्य + वश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), पञ्चमी विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (ablative of cause: 'because of')

• द्रुतम्: quickly
• द्रुतम्: रीति (manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: द्रुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (adverbial accusative)

Context

'Lakshmana rushed on foot speedily, cutting the branches of sala, tala and asvakarna and other trees on the way and forcibly turning and crushing the mountain rocks into pieces with a single foot, like a swiftmoving elephant taking long strides, to carry out the task.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as decisive execution of responsibility: urgency is justified when it serves a pledged cause and the protection of righteousness.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa is in rapid transit to confront the lapse in Sugrīva’s pledged assistance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Energetic zeal in service (utsāha) directed toward a moral objective.