Shloka 58

शरत्प्रवेशे रामविलापः तथा सुग्रीवप्रमादे लक्ष्मणप्रेषणम्

Autumn’s Onset: Rama’s Lament and Lakshmana Sent to Sugriva

Devanagari script

दर्शयन्ति शरन्नद्यः पुलिनानि शनैः शनैः।नवसङ्गमसव्रीडा जघनानीव योषितः।।

Transliteration

darśayanti śaran-nadyaḥ pulināni śanaiḥ śanaiḥ | nava-saṅgama-sa-vrīḍā jaghanānīva yoṣitaḥ ||

Translation

秋になると、川はゆるやかに砂州を現す——それは、初めての契りに恥じらう若き花嫁が、しだいに腰つきをあらわすかのようである。

Word by Word

• darśayanti: show, reveal
• darśayanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural)

• śarat-nadyaḥ: autumn rivers
• śarat-nadyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarat (प्रातिपदिक) + nadī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन (plural); समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (śarataḥ nadyaḥ = rivers of autumn)

• pulināni: sandbanks
• pulināni: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pulina (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया (Accusative), बहुवचन (plural)

• śanaiḥ: slowly
• śanaiḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śanaiḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• śanaiḥ: very slowly
• śanaiḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śanaiḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), पुनरुक्ति (reduplication for emphasis), क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• nava-saṅgama-sa-vrīḍāḥ: bashful in a new union
• nava-saṅgama-sa-vrīḍāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nava (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅgama (प्रातिपदिक) + sa- (उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद) + vrīḍā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन (plural); बहुव्रीहिः (yasyaḥ nava-saṅgame vrīḍā asti = those who have bashfulness in a new union)

• jaghanāni: hips, loins
• jaghanāni: Upamāna/Upameya-bhāva (उपमान/उपमेयभावः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jaghana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन (plural)

• iva: like
• iva: Upamā-dyotaka (उपमाद्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, उपमावाचक-निपात (comparative particle)

• yoṣitaḥ: women
• yoṣitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yoṣit (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन (plural)

Context

'Just as bashful young brides show their loins slowly during their first sexual meet the rivers start showing their sandy banks slowly in autumn.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Lakshmana
• rivers
• sandbanks
• autumn (śarat)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma values propriety and gradualness: revelation and action should be appropriate to time and context, guided by truth rather than haste.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama observes the waters receding after monsoon; the sandbanks become visible as autumn advances.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s measured outlook—he frames change as orderly and meaningful, not chaotic.