Shloka 8
ताराविलापः
Tara’s Lament over Vāli
Devanagari script
यान्यस्माभिस्त्वया सार्धं वनेषु मधुगन्धिषु।विहृतानि त्वया काले तेषामुपरमः कृतः4.20.8।।
Transliteration
yāny asmābhis tvayā sārdhaṁ vaneṣu madhugandhiṣu | vihṛtāni tvayā kāle teṣām uparamaḥ kṛtaḥ || 4.20.8 ||
Translation
蜜の香る森で、私たちがあなたと共に楽しみ遊んだ数々の時——今日、あなたはそれらを終わらせてしまった。
Word by Word
यानिwhich (things)
यानि:
कर्म (object, with विहृतानि)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम-विशेषणम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (neuter pronoun/adjective; nominative/accusative plural)
अस्माभिःby/with us
अस्माभिः:
सहकारक/सह (associative: 'with us', with सार्धम्)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; त्रिलिङ्ग-प्रयोगे; तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (instrumental plural)
त्वयाwith you
त्वया:
सहकारक/सह (associative: 'with you', with सार्धम्)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; त्रिलिङ्ग-प्रयोगे; तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (instrumental singular)
सार्धम्together with
सार्धम्:
सम्बन्ध/सह (associative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसार्धम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; सहार्थक-निपातः/उपसर्गवत् (indeclinable particle meaning 'together/with')
वनेषुin the forests
वनेषु:
अधिकरण (location)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे; सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (locative plural)
मधुगन्धिषुsweet-scented
मधुगन्धिषु:
अधिकरण (qualifier of location)
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुगन्धिन् (प्रातिपदिक: मधु + गन्धिन्)
Formविशेषणम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (मधोः गन्धः यस्य/येषु) (adjective in locative plural agreeing with वनेषु)
विहृतानिenjoyments; pastimes (things enjoyed)
विहृतानि:
कर्म (object: 'the enjoyments/pleasures')
TypeNoun
Rootवि + हृ (धातु) → विहृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत्)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्तम् (past passive participle used substantively); नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (neuter nom./acc. plural)
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
कर्ता (agent, with कृतः)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (instrumental singular)
कालेat the time; now
काले:
अधिकरण (time)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे; सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (locative singular)
तेषाम्of those; their
तेषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation: 'of those [pastimes]')
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम् (genitive plural)
उपरमःcessation; end
उपरमः:
कर्म/फल (resultant state; complement with कृतः)
TypeNoun
Rootउपरम (प्रातिपदिक; उप + √रम्/रम् 'to cease, be quiet' → भाव)
Formपुंलिङ्गे; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम् (nominative singular)
कृतःhas been made; was brought about
कृतः:
क्रिया (verbal predicate; passive construction)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त; भूतकर्मणि) [लट्-लकारार्थे प्रयोगः: 'has been made']
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle) पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्मणि-प्रयोगे क्रियापदवत् (PPP used predicatively: 'was made/has been made')
Context
'Our pleasure trips to sweet-scented forests have ended now. You have brought them to a close.
Characters & Entities
T
TārāV
VāliF
forests (vana)FAQs
The verse teaches the satya of impermanence: worldly pleasures end abruptly. Dharma encourages mindful living without attachment, knowing that enjoyment is not lasting.
Tārā recalls their past joys together and laments that Vāli’s death has ended them.
Gratitude and remembrance—Tārā honors shared companionship even in loss.