Shloka 5

तारोपदेशः

Tara’s Counsel to Vali on Sugriva’s Roar and Rama’s Alliance

Devanagari script

शब्दं दुर्मर्षणं श्रुत्वा निष्पपात ततो हरिः।वेगेन चरणन्यासैर्दारयन्निव मेदिनीम्।।

Transliteration

śabdaṃ durmarṣaṇaṃ śrutvā niṣpapāta tato hariḥ | vegena caraṇanyāsair dārayann iva medinīm ||

Translation

その耐えがたい咆哮を聞くや、猿はただちに飛び出した。激しい踏み込みの勢いで、大地を裂くかのようであった。

Word by Word

• शब्दम्: sound
• शब्दम्: कर्म (object of श्रुत्वा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• दुर्मर्षणम्: hard to endure
• दुर्मर्षणम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर् (उपसर्ग) + मर्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (qualifying शब्दम्)

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: पूर्वकाल
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: श्रु (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/absolutive)

• निष्पपात: rushed out/leapt forth
• निष्पपात: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: निस्-√पत् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• ततः: then
• ततः: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रमवाचक अव्यय

• हरिः: the monkey (Vali)
• हरिः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वेगेन: with speed
• वेगेन: करण (Instrument; manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• चरण-न्यासैः: by foot-placements/strides
• चरण-न्यासैः: करण (Instrument; means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चरण (प्रातिपदिक) + न्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष: चरणाणां न्यासाः; पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• दारयन्: tearing/splitting
• दारयन्: कर्तृ-विशेषण (participial qualifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दॄ (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (Present participle/शतृ), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (agreeing with हरिः)

• इव: as if
• इव: उपमा-चिह्न
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय

• मेदिनीम्: the earth
• मेदिनीम्: कर्म (object of दारयन्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेदिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

Unable to tolerate Sugriva's roar, Vali stepped out hurriedly, taking long strides as if breaking the earth.

Characters & Entities

• Vāli
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It highlights the danger of krodha (anger): when provoked, a powerful person may act rashly, and Dharma requires restraint before action.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva challenges Vāli; Vāli, unable to endure the challenge-roar, storms out to confront him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

A negative contrast is set up: uncontrolled fury and impulsiveness, preparing for Tara’s counsel on self-restraint.