Shloka 13

किष्किन्धायां सुग्रीवस्य नादः

Sugriva’s War-Cry at Kishkindha

Devanagari script

प्रत्यक्षं सप्त ते साला मया बाणेन दारिताः।तेनावेहि बलेनाद्य वालिनं निहतं मया4.14.13।।

Transliteration

pratyakṣaṃ sapta te sālā mayā bāṇena dāritāḥ | tenāvehi balenādya vāliṃ nihataṃ mayā ||

Translation

汝の目の前で、我は一本の矢にて七本のサーラ樹を裂いた。その力をもって知れ、今日我はヴァーリを討ち取る。

Word by Word

• प्रत्यक्षम्: in your presence
• प्रत्यक्षम्: Deśa/Pratyakṣa-adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रत्यक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगः (adverbial accusative: ‘before (your) eyes/in presence’)

• सप्त: seven
• सप्त: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सप्त (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्या; ‘seven’ (qualifying plural noun)

• ते: your
• ते: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘your’ (in your presence)

• सालाः: sala trees
• सालाः: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• मया: by me
• मया: Kartṛ-karaṇa (कर्तृकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (करण/कर्तृ), एकवचन; ‘by me’

• बाणेन: with an arrow
• बाणेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन

• दारिताः: torn asunder
• दारिताः: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दॄ (धातु)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘torn/pierced’

• तेन: thereby/by that (proof)
• तेन: Hetu/Karaṇa (हेतु/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘by that/thereby’

• अवेहि: know
• अवेहि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव√इ (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘know/understand’

• बलेन: by strength
• बलेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन

• अद्य: today/now
• अद्य: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय

• वालिनम्: Vali
• वालिनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालिन्/वालि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• निहतम्: killed
• निहतम्: Karma-predicative (कर्मविधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि√हन् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘killed’ (agreeing with वालिनम् by sense; used predicatively)

• मया: by me
• मया: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (कर्तृ), एकवचन

Context

'You have seen how I have pierced through seven sala trees with a single arrow. You will know how with the same strength I will kill Vali.'

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sugrīva
• Vāli
• sāla (tree)
• bāṇa (arrow)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes providing rational grounds for trust: Rāma supports his promise with demonstrable evidence, reducing fear and preventing reckless action.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma reassures Sugrīva by pointing to the earlier feat of piercing seven sāla trees as proof he can defeat Vāli.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Competence joined to integrity—strength is presented as a tool to uphold a righteous commitment.