Shloka 111

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

प्राप्य दुखं वने श्यामा मां मन्मथविकर्शितम्।नष्टदुःखेव हृष्टेव साध्वी साध्वभ्यभाषत।।।।

Transliteration

prāpya duḥkhaṃ vane śyāmā māṃ manmatha-vikarśitam | naṣṭaduḥkheva hṛṣṭeva sādhvī sādhv abhyabhāṣata ||

Translation

森で苦難に遭いながらも、若く黒髪の貞淑なる彼女は、欲に引き裂かれる私に語りかけた—まるで悲しみが消え去ったかのように、まるで喜びに満ちたかのように、ふさわしく正しい言葉で。

Word by Word

• प्राप्य: having obtained/experienced
• प्राप्य: पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √आप् (धातु) + प्र (उपसर्ग)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having obtained/after experiencing’

• दुःखम्: sorrow
• दुःखम्: कर्म (Object of gerund)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वने: in the forest
• वने: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (Locative/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• श्यामा: the dark-complexioned lady (Sītā)
• श्यामा: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्यामा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मन्मथ-विकर्शितम्: tormented/dragged by love (Cupid)
• मन्मथ-विकर्शितम्: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier of माम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्मथ (प्रातिपदिक) + विकर्शित (कृदन्त; √कृष् धातु, causative sense ‘to draw/drag’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; कृदन्त-विशेषण (क्त)

• नष्ट-दुःखा: as if her sorrow had vanished
• नष्ट-दुःखा: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier of श्यामा)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नष्ट (कृदन्त; √नश् धातु) + दुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि-विशेषण (one whose sorrow is gone)

• इव: as if
• इव: उपमान (Comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमान-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• हृष्टा: delighted
• हृष्टा: विशेषण (Adjectival modifier of श्यामा)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृष्ट (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त; √हृष् धातु)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• इव: as if
• इव: उपमान (Comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमान-अव्यय

• साध्वी: the chaste woman
• साध्वी: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साध्वी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• साधु: properly, well
• साधु: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साधु (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

• अभ्य-अभाषत: spoke to (him)
• अभ्य-अभाषत: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भाष् (धातु) + अभि (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Context

My young and faithful beloved used to put up a brave face and speak to me in all propriety to cheer me up in the midst of suffering in the forest whenever I felt tormented by passion.

Characters & Entities

• Sita
• Lakshmana
• Manmatha (Kama—personified desire)
• forest (vana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse commends steadiness and supportive speech as dharma in adversity—responding to another’s agitation with propriety, restraint, and encouragement.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama recollects how Sita, despite forest hardships, spoke in a composed and uplifting manner when Rama was inwardly disturbed.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sita’s forbearance (kṣamā) and chastity (sādhvītva), expressed through disciplined, healing speech.