Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 68, Shloka 10

जनकदूतागमनम्

The Arrival of Janaka’s Messengers in Ayodhya

Devanagari script

तच्च राजन् धनुर्दिव्यं मध्ये भग्नं महात्मना।रामेण हि महाराज महत्यां जनसंसदि।।1.68.10।।

Transliteration

tac ca rājan dhanur divyaṃ madhye bhagnaṃ mahātmanā | rāmeṇa hi mahārāja mahatyāṃ janasaṃsadi ||

Translation

そして王よ、大いなる君主よ、その天なる弓は、あの広大な民衆の集いのただ中で、大いなる魂のラーマによってまさに中央から折り砕かれた。

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• rājan: O king
• rājan: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• dhanuḥ: bow
• dhanuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhanus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• divyam: divine
• divyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: divya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies dhanuḥ

• madhye: in the middle
• madhye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: madhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhagnam: broken
• bhagnam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhaj (भञ्ज् धातु) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with dhanuḥ

• mahātmanā: by the great-souled one
• mahātmanā: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• rāmeṇa: by Rāma
• rāmeṇa: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphasis/indeed

• mahārāja: O great king
• mahārāja: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कर्मधारय) compound; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• mahatyām: in the great
• mahatyām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies saṃsadi

• jana-saṃsadi: in the assembly of people
• jana-saṃsadi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jana (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃsad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

O Great king, Dasaratha! the divine bow with its limitless glory was broken in the middle by the great self Rama in the assembly of people.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Rāma
• divine bow (Śiva-dhanuḥ/Pināka context)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Truthfulness in public matters: the event is reported as a witnessed fact in an assembly, grounding royal decisions in satya and transparency.

What is the narrative situation?

The envoys inform Daśaratha that Rāma broke the divine bow at Mithilā, validating Rāma’s fulfillment of the contest condition.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s valor and capability (vīrya), demonstrated openly and responsibly before the community.