Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 19

त्रिशङ्कुस्वर्गारोহণम्

Trishanku’s Bodily Ascent and the New Constellations

Devanagari script

तच्छ्रुत्वा वचनं तस्य क्रोशमानस्य कौशिक:।।।।रोषमाहारयत्तीव्रं तिष्ठ तिष्ठेति चाब्रवीत्।

Transliteration

tac chrutvā vacanaṃ tasya krośamānasya kauśikaḥ | roṣam āhārayat tīvraṃ tiṣṭha tiṣṭheti cābravīt ||

Translation

その叫びの言葉を聞くや、カウシカ（ヴィシュヴァーミトラ）は激しい怒りに燃え、「止まれ、止まれ！」と言った。

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; (qualifying vacanam)

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śru (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive)

• vacanam: words/speech
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• krośamānasya: of the crying one
• krośamānasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kruś (धातु) + śānac (कृत्)
• Form: शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त; पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; (of triśaṅku)

• kauśikaḥ: Kauśika (Viśvāmitra)
• kauśikaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kauśika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; patronymic of Viśvāmitra

• roṣam: anger
• roṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: roṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• āhārayat: brought forth/assumed
• āhārayat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√hṛ (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• tīvram: intense
• tīvram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tīvra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of roṣam)

• tiṣṭha: stay/stand
• tiṣṭha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sthā (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार, परस्मैपद; मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

• tiṣṭha: stay
• tiṣṭha: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sthā (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार, परस्मैपद; मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (repetition for emphasis)

• iti: thus
• iti: Quotation marker (इति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; quotative particle

• ca: and
• ca: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; conjunction (समुच्चय)

• abravīt: said
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √brū (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार, परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

Having heard the wailing Trisanku, the enraged Viswamitra shouted, "Stay, Stay".

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra (Kauśika)
• Triśaṅku
• Indra (implied as cause of fall)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It reflects the dharmic obligation of one who has offered refuge: the protector must act to prevent abandonment, even when challenged by higher powers.

What is the narrative situation?

Triśaṅku is falling after Indra’s command; Viśvāmitra hears his plea and commands him to halt mid-fall.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Viśvāmitra’s unwavering resolve to uphold his promise and his immediate, decisive intervention.