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Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 48, Shloka 5

अहल्याशापवर्णनम्

The Account of Ahalyā’s Curse and the Deserted Hermitage near Mithilā

Devanagari script

भूषयन्ताविमं देशं चन्द्रसूर्याविवाम्बरम्।परस्परस्य सदृशौ प्रमाणेङ्गितचेष्टितै:।।।।किमर्थं च मुनिश्रेष्ठ सम्प्राप्तौ दुर्गमे पथि।वरायुधधरौ वीरौ श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत्त्वत:।।।।

Transliteration

bhūṣayantāv imaṃ deśaṃ candra-sūryāv ivāmbaram |

parasparasya sadṛśau pramāṇa-iṅgita-ceṣṭitaiḥ || 1.48.5 ||

kimarthaṃ ca muni-śreṣṭha samprāptau durgame pathi |

vara-āyudha-dharau vīrau śrotum icchāmi tattvataḥ || 1.48.6 ||

Translation

彼らはこの地を、天空の月と太陽のように輝かせている。背丈も、表情も、身のこなしも互いに似通っている。聖仙の中の最勝者よ、いかなる目的で、この険しい道に、優れた武器を携えたこの勇士たちは来たのか。真実を明らかに聞きたい。

Word by Word
bhūṣayantau(two) adorning
bhūṣayantau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√bhūṣ (धातु) + bhūṣayant (शतृ-कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकर्तरि कृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), द्विवचन; present active participle (adorning)
imamthis
imam:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; demonstrative adjective of deśam
deśamland/region
deśam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdeśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
candra-sūryauthe moon and the sun
candra-sūryau:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootcandra (प्रातिपदिक) + sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), द्विवचन
ivalike
iva:
Comparator (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; particle of comparison (उपमावाचक)
ambaramsky
ambaram:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootambara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; in comparison phrase ‘in the sky’ (upamāna-context)
parasparasyaof each other
parasparasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootparaspara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन; ‘of each other’
sadṛśausimilar
sadṛśau:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsadṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), द्विवचन; predicate adjective of the two heroes
pramāṇa-iṅgita-ceṣṭitaiḥby stature, gestures, and actions
pramāṇa-iṅgita-ceṣṭitaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpramāṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + iṅgita (प्रातिपदिक) + ceṣṭita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार-द्वन्द्व (त्रयाणाम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), बहुवचन; Instrumental of respect/means (by stature, gestures, actions)
kimarthamfor what purpose
kimartham:
Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkimartha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; interrogative adverb (प्रश्नार्थ)
caand
ca:
Connector (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
muni-śreṣṭhaO best of sages
muni-śreṣṭha:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक) + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8), एकवचन
samprāptauhave come
samprāptau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√prāp (धातु) + samprāpta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकर्तरि कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), द्विवचन; ‘having arrived’
durgamedifficult (to traverse)
durgame:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdurgama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन; adjective of pathi
pathion the path
pathi:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpathin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन
vara-āyudha-dharaubearing excellent weapons
vara-āyudha-dharau:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvara (प्रातिपदिक) + āyudha (प्रातिपदिक) + dhara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), द्विवचन; ‘bearing excellent weapons’
vīrautwo heroes
vīrau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), द्विवचन
śrotumto hear
śrotum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Root√śru (धातु) + śrotum (तुमुन्-कृदन्त)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive); ‘to hear’
icchāmiI wish
icchāmi:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√iṣ (धातु)
Formलट् (परस्मैपद), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; present (I desire)
tattvataḥtruly/in detail
tattvataḥ:
Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottattvatas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; adverb (यथार्थार्थ)
Context

"Highly powerful Gautama who had performed rigid austerities thus cursed the wicked Ahalya and left this hermitage, for the peaks of Himavat mountain served by siddhas and charanas. Here he performed austerities"(said Viswamitra).ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē bālakāṇḍē aṣṭacatvāriṅśassarga:৷৷Thus ends the fortyeighth sarga of Balakanda of the holy Ramayana the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities
V
Viśvāmitra
R
Rāma
L
Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

The verse emphasizes satya-oriented inquiry (tattvataḥ): seeking accurate truth from a qualified authority (a muniśreṣṭha) is itself a dharmic act.

The observer continues questioning Viśvāmitra, noting the princes’ radiance and similarity, and asks the real purpose of their journey on a difficult route.

Discernment and humility: the speaker asks to hear “tattvataḥ,” indicating a preference for truth over speculation.

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