Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 36, Shloka 25

बालकाण्ड सर्ग ३६

गङ्गा-प्रभवप्रश्नः, शिवतेजोधारणं, कार्त्तिकेय-जन्म, उमाशापः

Devanagari script

तान् सर्वान् व्रीडितान् दृष्ट्वा सुरान्सुरपतिस्तदा।गमनायोपचक्राम दिशं वरुणपालिताम्।।।।

Transliteration

tān sarvān vrīḍitān dṛṣṭvā surān surapatis tadā |

gamanāyopacakrāma diśaṃ varuṇa-pālitām ||

Translation

神々の主は、恥じ入る諸神を見て、そのとき旅立ちの支度を整え、ヴァルナに守護される西方へと向かった。

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन

• गत्वा: having gone
• गत्वा: पूर्वक्रिया (prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त; पूर्वकालिक (having gone)

• तपः: austerity/penance
• तपः: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन

• आतिष्ठत्: undertook/performed
• आतिष्ठत्: क्रिया (Verb/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-स्था (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• पार्श्वे: at the side
• पार्श्वे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी; एकवचन

• तस्य: of that (mountain)
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी; एकवचन

• उत्तरे: on the northern
• उत्तरे: अधिकरण-विशेषण (locative qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी; एकवचन; विशेषण (of गिरौ)

• गिरौ: on the mountain
• गिरौ: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गिरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी; एकवचन

• हिमवत्प्रभवे: originating in Himavat
• हिमवत्प्रभवे: अधिकरण-विशेषण (locative qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिमवत्-प्रभव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी; एकवचन; विशेषण (of शृङ्गे)

• शृङ्गे: on a peak
• शृङ्गे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शृङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी; एकवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: सहकारक/सहयोग (associative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक (with)

• देव्या: with the goddess (Umā)
• देव्या: सहकारक (associate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; तृतीया; एकवचन; सहार्थे (with the goddess)

• महेश्वरः: Maheśvara (Śiva)
• महेश्वरः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महेश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन

Context

"The god of the gods (Mahesvara), seeing all the devatas humiliated began to depart in the westerly direction presided over by Varuna.

Characters & Entities

• Surāḥ (Devas)
• Varuṇa
• Western direction (Varuṇa’s quarter)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights accountability and moral gravity: even divine beings experience humility when confronted with the consequences of a grave situation, pointing to dharma as an ordering principle beyond pride.

What is the narrative situation?

After the gods are left humbled in the episode, Maheśvara (as indicated by the provided word-meaning) turns to depart toward the western direction associated with Varuṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vrīḍā (modest shame/humility) is foregrounded—an ethical emotion that checks arrogance and prompts course-correction.