Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 13, Shloka 10
हयमेध
यज्ञोपक्रमः — Commencement of the Aśvamedha Preparations
Devanagari script
ब्राह्मणावसथाश्चैव कर्तव्याश्शतशश्शुभा:।भक्ष्यान्नपानैर्बहुभिस्समुपेतास्सुनिष्ठिता:।।1.13.10।।
Transliteration
brāhmaṇāvasathāś caiva kartavyāḥ śataśaḥ śubhāḥ | bhakṣyānnapānaiḥ bahubhiḥ samupetāḥ suniṣṭhitāḥ ||
Translation
婆羅門たちのために、吉祥なる住まいを幾百と整え、よく配され、豊かな食と飲み物で満ち足りるように備えよ。
Word by Word
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb): ‘likewise’
पौरजनस्यof the townspeople
पौरजनस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootपौरजन (प्रातिपदिक) = पौर + जन
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; ‘of the townspeople/citizens’
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चय/‘also’ particle)
कर्तव्याःshould be made
कर्तव्याः:
Kriyā (क्रिया; obligation predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) → कर्तव्य (कृदन्त/gerundive)
Formकृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘to be made’ (agreeing with ‘आवासाः’)
बहु-विस्तराःvery spacious
बहु-विस्तराः:
Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक) + विस्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘very spacious/widely spread’ (qualifying ‘आवासाः’)
आवासाःdwellings; lodgings
आवासाः:
Karta (कर्ता; grammatical subject of obligation construction)
TypeNoun
Rootआवास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; subject of implied ‘(सन्तु)’ with gerundive predicate ‘कर्तव्याः’
बहु-भक्ष्याःwell-supplied with food
बहु-भक्ष्याः:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक) + भक्ष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘having much food/many eatables’ (qualifying ‘आवासाः’)
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; emphatic)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (निश्चय/assurance particle): ‘indeed’
सर्व-कामैःwith all amenities
सर्व-कामैः:
Karana (करण; instrument/means)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + काम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन; ‘with all (desired) amenities/pleasures’
उपस्थिताःprovided; furnished
उपस्थिताः:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootउप + स्था (धातु) → उपस्थित (कृदन्त; भूतकृदन्त/PPP)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘provided/available’ (qualifying ‘आवासाः’)
Characters & Entities
B
brahmins (brāhmaṇa)FAQs
Dharma includes hospitality and generosity: sacred rites are inseparable from caring for guests and supporting the learned with dignity and comfort.
The text describes logistical arrangements for the sacrifice—large-scale housing and provisioning for brahmins.
Public-minded generosity and meticulous organization in service of a communal sacred event.