Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 35, Shloka 29

सुमन्त्रस्य कैकेयी-निन्दा

Sumantra’s Reproof of Kaikeyi in the Royal Assembly

Devanagari script

नैवं भव गृहाणेदं यदाह वसुधाधिपः।भर्तुरिच्छामुपास्वेह जनस्यास्य गतिर्भव।।2.35.29।।

Transliteration

naivaṁ bhava gṛhāṇedaṁ yad āha vasudhādhipaḥ | bhartur icchām upāsveha janasyāsya gatir bhava ||2.35.29||

Translation

そのようにしてはならぬ。大地の主が告げることを受け入れよ。ここに留まり、夫の御心に従い、この民の拠り所となれ。

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: thus)

• भव: be (do not be thus)
• भव: क्रिया (Imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• गृहाण: accept
• गृहाण: क्रिया (Imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• यत्: which
• यत्: कर्म-विशेषण (Relative qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; इदम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (relative: which)

• आह: said
• आह: क्रिया (Verb of saying)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अह्/ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• वसुधाधिपः: lord of the earth (king)
• वसुधाधिपः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसुधा + अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (वसुधायाः अधिपः); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• भर्तुः: of (your) husband
• भर्तुः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• इच्छाम्: wish
• इच्छाम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इच्छा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• उपास्व: serve/abide by
• उपास्व: क्रिया (Imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + आस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• इह: here
• इह: अधिकरण (Locus/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: here)

• जनस्य: of the people
• जनस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• अस्य: of these
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; जनस्य इति विशेषणम्

• गतिः: refuge/recourse
• गतिः: प्रथमा-सम्बन्ध (Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• भव: be
• भव: क्रिया (Imperative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

Do not be like your mother. Accept what the king says. Abide by his wishes. Be his saviour.

Characters & Entities

• Kaikeyi
• Dasaratha (vasudhādhipa; implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Royal and familial dharma: align personal desire with the king’s rightful governance and protect the welfare of the people.

What is the narrative situation?

Sumantra urges Kaikeyi to stop her harmful course, accept the king’s decision, and act as a benefactor rather than a cause of ruin.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Loka-saṅgraha (care for public welfare) and restraint—placing the kingdom’s good above private grievance.