Shloka 29

जटायुरावणयुद्धम्

Jatayu’s Combat with Ravana

Devanagari script

यथा त्वया कृतं कर्म भीरुणा लोकगर्हितम्।।।।तस्कराचरितो मार्गो नैव वीरनिषेवितः।

Transliteration

yathā tvayā kṛtaṃ karma bhīruṇā loka-garhitam | taskarācarito mārgo naiva vīra-niṣevitaḥ ||

Translation

汝のなした業は臆病者の所業、世に咎められるもの。汝が選んだ道は盗人の道であり、決して勇者の歩む道ではない。

Word by Word

• yathā: as
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Prakāra-avyaya (as/in the manner)

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karta (कर्ता/Agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; pronoun

• kṛtam: done
• kṛtam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √kṛ (धातु) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Napुंसakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; kta (past participle): 'done' qualifying karma

• karma: deed
• karma: Karma (कर्म/Thing done)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• bhīruṇā: by a coward
• bhīruṇā: Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhīru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana; instrumental of agent/quality

• loka-garhitam: world-condemned
• loka-garhitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: loka + garhita (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: Napुंसakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: lokena garhitam (condemned by the world)

• taskara-ācaritaḥ: followed by thieves
• taskara-ācaritaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: taskara + ācarita (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: taskaraiḥ ācaritaḥ (practised by thieves)

• mārgaḥ: path
• mārgaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha-nipāta (negation)

• eva: at all
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Nipāta (emphasis)

• vīra-niṣevitaḥ: frequented by heroes
• vīra-niṣevitaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vīra + niṣevita (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: vīraiḥ niṣevitaḥ (frequented by heroes)

Context

Your cowardly action will be condemned by the whole world. The path you have chosen is the path of a thief and not of a hero.

Characters & Entities

• Jaṭāyu
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma distinguishes honorable conduct from stealth and violation; true valor acts openly and justly, not through theft-like wrongdoing.

What is the narrative situation?

Jaṭāyu condemns the manner of Rāvaṇa’s abduction as cowardly and socially reprehensible.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Honor (śaurya with dharma): courage is defined not merely by power, but by righteous method.