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Shloka 4

सीताहरणम्

Ravana reveals his true form and abducts Sita

अर्कं ऱुन्ध्यां शरैस्तीक्ष्णैर्विभिन्द्या हि महीतलम्।कामरूपिणमुन्मत्ते पश्य मां कामदं पतिम्।।3.49.4।।

arkaṃ rundhyāṃ śarais tīkṣṇair vibhindyā hi mahītalam |

kāmarūpiṇam unmatte paśya māṃ kāmadaṃ patim || 3.49.4 ||

「鋭い矢で、私は太陽さえ遮り、大地をも裂ける。愚かな女よ、私を見よ。望みを叶える夫、意のままに姿を変え得る者だ。」

अर्कम्the sun
अर्कम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्क (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
रुन्ध्याम्I could obstruct
रुन्ध्याम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootरुध् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootशर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
तीक्ष्णैःsharp
तीक्ष्णैः:
Karana (करण/Instrument-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषण (of शरैः)
विभिन्द्याम्I could split/shatter
विभिन्द्याम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवि+भिद् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निश्चय/हेतु (particle: 'indeed/for')
महीतलम्the earth's surface
महीतलम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमही + तल (प्रातिपदिके)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (earth's surface)
कामरूपिणम्able to assume forms at will
कामरूपिणम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootकाम + रूपिन् (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; उपपद/तत्पुरुष (at-will form-possessing)
उन्मत्तेO mad woman
उन्मत्ते:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootउन्मत्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
पश्यsee
पश्य:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
माम्me
माम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
कामदम्wish-granting
कामदम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object-complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootकाम + द (प्रातिपदिके)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (giver of desires)
पतिम्husband/lord
पतिम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object-complement)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

O Jatayu! narrate to Rama and Lakshmana the exact facts of my abduction and all the details without any omission.ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē araṇyakāṇḍē ēkōnapañcāśassargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the fortyninth sarga of Aranyakanda of the holy Ramayana the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

R
Rāvaṇa
S
Sītā
S
Sun (Arka)
E
Earth (Mahī)

FAQs

It illustrates adharma: arrogance and coercive speech used to intimidate and violate another’s autonomy—contrary to dharmic restraint and respect.

Rāvaṇa boasts of his power and attempts to compel Sītā to accept him.

Negatively, Rāvaṇa’s hubris and moral blindness; by contrast, the epic frames dharma as self-control rather than domination.