Shloka 25

Devanagari script

तन्नसिध्यति सौमित्रे तव वा भरतस्य वा।कथमिन्दीवरश्यामं पद्मपत्रनिभेक्षणम्।।3.45.25।।उपसंश्रित्य भर्तारं कामयेयं पृथग्जनम्।

Transliteration

tan na sidhyati saumitre tava vā bharatasya vā |

katham indīvaraśyāmaṃ padmapatranibhekṣaṇam || 3.45.25 ||

upasaṃśritya bhartāraṃ kāmaye yaṃ pṛthagjanam |

Translation

その企ては成就しない、サウミトリーよ――そなたのものであれ、バラタのものであれ。青き睡蓮のように黒く、蓮の花弁のごとき眼差しをもつ我が夫に帰依している私が、どうして他の男を望めようか。

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: कर्म (object; anticipatory/elliptic: 'that [wish/plan]')
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनम् (neuter nominative/accusative singular)

• na: not
• na: सम्बन्ध (negation of the verb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (निषेध-अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्ययम् (negative particle)

• sidhyati: is accomplished / succeeds
• sidhyati: क्रिया (main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sidh (सिध्) (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्, परस्मैपदम् (present indicative, 3rd sg, parasmaipada)

• saumitre: O Saumitra (Lakṣmaṇa)
• saumitre: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saumitra (सौमित्र) (प्रातिपदिक; सुमित्रा-अपत्य/सम्बन्ध)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे सम्बोधन-एकवचनम् (masculine vocative singular)

• tava: of you / your
• tava: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (possessor/related-to)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (युष्मद्) (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी एकवचनम् (genitive singular)

• vā: or
• vā: सम्बन्ध (coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (विकल्प-अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम् (disjunctive particle: 'or')

• bharatasya: of Bharata
• bharatasya: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (possessor/related-to)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (भरत) (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी एकवचनम् (masculine genitive singular)

• vā: or
• vā: सम्बन्ध (coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (विकल्प-अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्ययम् (disjunctive particle: 'or')

• katham: how
• katham: सम्बन्ध (manner/question modifying verb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: katham (कथम्) (प्रश्न-अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्ययम् (interrogative adverb)

• indīvaraśyāmam: dark/blue like a blue lotus
• indīvaraśyāmam: विशेषण (qualifier of implied object/person)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: indīvara + śyāma (इन्दीवर + श्याम) (प्रातिपदिक-द्वयम्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम् (neuter accusative singular); कर्मधारय-समासः (indīvaravat śyāmaḥ = 'blue like a blue-lotus')

• padmapatranibhekṣaṇam: having eyes like lotus petals
• padmapatranibhekṣaṇam: विशेषण (qualifier of implied object/person)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: padma + patra + nibha + īkṣaṇa (पद्म + पत्र + निभ + ईक्षण) (प्रातिपदिक-समूहः)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम् (neuter accusative singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: padmapatranibhaṃ īkṣaṇam yasya (eyes like lotus-petals)

• upasaṃśritya: having approached / having taken refuge in
• upasaṃśritya: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (prior action to main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa + sam + √śri (श्रि) (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-भावः (gerund/absolutive); उपसर्गत्रययुक्तः (having resorted to/approached)

• bhartāram: husband / lord
• bhartāram: कर्म (object of upasaṃśritya / also context for kāmayeyaṃ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhartṛ (भर्तृ) (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम् (masculine accusative singular)

• kāmayeyam: would desire / could prefer
• kāmayeyam: क्रिया (main verb: 'would desire')
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kam (कम्) (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), उत्तमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्, आत्मनेपदम् (optative, 1st sg, atmanepada)

• pṛthagjanam: another man / a different person
• pṛthagjanam: कर्म (object of kāmayeyaṃ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pṛthag + jana (पृथक् + जन) (प्रातिपदिक-द्वयम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया एकवचनम् (masculine accusative singular); कर्मधारयः (pṛthag eva janaḥ = 'another person/other man')

Context

You are very wicked. You are hiding your true identity, and employed by Bharata, you are following Rama in the forest as he is alone.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Lakṣmaṇa (Saumitrī)
• Rāma
• Bharata
• padma (lotus)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Sītā asserts marital fidelity (pativratā-dharma) and unwavering commitment to her husband as a truth of her character.

What is the narrative situation?

Continuing her outburst, Sītā rejects any insinuation of disloyalty and declares she could never desire another man besides Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Constancy and chastity—Sītā’s self-understanding as unwaveringly devoted to Rāma.