Shloka 11

मारीचोपदेशः — Maricha’s Counsel to Ravana

On Rama’s Dharma and the Peril of Abduction

Devanagari script

कैकेय्याः प्रियकामार्थं पितुर्दशरथस्य च।हित्वा राज्यं च भोगांश्च प्रविष्टो दण्डकावनम्।।।।

Transliteration

kaikeyyāḥ priyakāmārthaṃ pitur daśarathasya ca | hitvā rājyaṃ ca bhogāṃś ca praviṣṭo daṇḍakāvanam ||

Translation

カイケーイーの望みを満たし、父ダシャラタの言葉を守るため、彼は王国と享楽を捨て、ダンダカの森へと入った。

Word by Word

• kaikeyyāḥ: of Kaikeyi
• kaikeyyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kaikeyī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; षष्ठी, एकवचन

• priya-kāma-artham: for fulfilling the desired wish
• priya-kāma-artham: Prayojana (प्रयोजन; purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: priya-kāma-artha (प्रातिपदिक; प्रिय + काम + अर्थ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रयोजन (purpose)

• pituḥ: of (his) father
• pituḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी, एकवचन

• daśarathasya: of Dasaratha
• daśarathasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśaratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• hitvā: having left
• hitvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण; prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: hā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive); 'having abandoned'

• rājyam: kingdom
• rājyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• bhogān: enjoyments
• bhogān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• praviṣṭaḥ: entered
• praviṣṭaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया; participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-viś (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त; क्त (PPP); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate 'entered'

• daṇḍaka-vanam: Dandaka forest
• daṇḍaka-vanam: Karma (कर्म; destination)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daṇḍaka-vana (प्रातिपदिक; दण्डक + वन)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

To satisfy the desire of Kaikeyi and to fulfil his father's word he came to Dandaka forest, leaving the kingdom and all royal pleasures, behind.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Kaikeyī
• Daśaratha
• Daṇḍaka forest

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is prioritized over power and pleasure; the legitimacy of kingship is shown as rooted in truth-keeping and self-denial.

What is the narrative situation?

Mārīca continues describing Rāma’s exile as evidence of his steadfast character.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Tyāga (renunciation) and satyaniṣṭhā (steadfastness in truth).