Shloka 3

शूर्पणखाया आगमनम्

Surpanakha Approaches Rama

Devanagari script

उवास सुखितस्तत्र पूज्यमानो महर्षिभिः।लक्ष्मणेन सह भ्रात्रा चकार विविधाः कथाः।।।।

Transliteration

uvāsa sukhitas tatra pūjyamāno maharṣibhiḥ | lakṣmaṇena saha bhrātrā cakāra vividhāḥ kathāḥ ||

Translation

大聖仙たちに敬われ、ラーマはそこに安らかに憩い、弟ラクシュマナとともにさまざまな語らいを交わした。

Word by Word

• uvāsa: dwelt/stayed
• uvāsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vas (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• sukhitaḥ: content/at ease
• sukhitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sukhita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb of place (देशवाचक अव्यय)

• pūjyamānaḥ: being honored
• pūjyamānaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pūj (धातु)
• Form: Present passive participle (वर्तमानकृदन्त/शानच्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• maharṣibhiḥ: by great sages
• maharṣibhiḥ: Karaṇa/Agent in passive (करण/कर्तृ-तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maharṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), 3rd case Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); compound: mahā + ṛṣi

• lakṣmaṇena: with Lakṣmaṇa
• lakṣmaṇena: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), 3rd case Instrumental (तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: Preposition-like indeclinable (सह-योगे अव्यय) governing Instrumental

• bhrātrā: (his) brother
• bhrātrā: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), 3rd case Instrumental (तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); in apposition to lakṣmaṇena

• cakāra: made/held
• cakāra: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• vividhāḥ: various
• vividhāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vividha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifying ‘kathāḥ’

• kathāḥ: conversations
• kathāḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kathā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), 2nd case Accusative (द्वितीया) understood as object of cakāra; form shown is Nominative/Accusative Plural (प्रथमा/द्वितीया बहुवचन)

Context

She is ugly, deformed, unsuitable for you. I am alone fit for you. Look upon me as your wife.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Maharṣis

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respect for the righteous (sages) and living in harmony with them is presented as a dhārmic mode of life; honouring the wise sustains moral order in society.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma is residing peacefully in the forest region, welcomed and respected by ascetics, spending time in conversation with Lakṣmaṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s composure and dhārmic conduct—he lives respectfully among sages and maintains calm, thoughtful companionship with his brother.