Shloka 28

Brahmin Right Conduct: Morning Remembrance, Bathing, Purification, and Tarpaṇa Method

Devanagari script

तस्माच्छिष्यैश्च पुत्रैश्च पौत्रदौहित्रकादिभिः । बंधुवर्गैस्तथा चान्यैस्तर्पणीयं पितृव्रतैः

Transliteration

tasmācchiṣyaiśca putraiśca pautradauhitrakādibhiḥ | baṃdhuvargaistathā cānyaistarpaṇīyaṃ pitṛvrataiḥ

Translation

ゆえに祖霊の誓戒（ピトリ・ヴラタ）に帰依する者は、弟子、子、孫、娘の子（外孫）などによって、また親族の一同によって、さらに他の者によっても、ピトリ（Pitṛ）へタルパナ（供水）を捧げるべきである。

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore/from that
• तस्मात्: Hetu/Reason (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya); अपादानार्थक-प्रयोगः ‘therefore/from that (reason)’

• शिष्यैः: by disciples
• शिष्यैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया (करण) बहुवचन; Instrumental plural

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• पुत्रैः: by sons
• पुत्रैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया बहुवचन; Instrumental plural

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• पौत्र-दौहित्रक-आदिभिः: by grandsons, daughter’s grandsons, and others
• पौत्र-दौहित्रक-आदिभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + दौहित्रक (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समासः (copulative) ‘grandsons and daughter’s grandsons etc.’; Instrumental plural

• बन्धु-वर्गैः: by groups of relatives
• बन्धु-वर्गैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धु (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative) ‘group of relatives’; Instrumental plural

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha/Modifier (विशेषणभाव)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थ (adverb: likewise/also)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• अन्यैः: by others
• अन्यैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया बहुवचन; Instrumental plural (others)

• तर्पणीयम्: should be propitiated (offered tarpaṇa)
• तर्पणीयम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तर्पणीय (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √तृप्/तर्प् (धातु) + अनीय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicative) ‘to be satisfied/propitiated’; gerundive (अनीय)

• पितृ-व्रतैः: by rites/vows for the ancestors
• पितृ-व्रतैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक) + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (व्रत); तृतीया बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘vows/observances for the Pitṛs’; Instrumental plural

Speaker

Not specified in the provided excerpt (contextual speaker unknown).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तस्माच्छिष्यैश्च = तस्मात् + शिष्यैः + च; बंधुवर्गैस्तथा = बन्धुवर्गैः + तथा; चान्यैः = च + अन्यैः.

Characters & Entities

• Pitṛs (ancestors)

FAQs

Who is eligible to perform Pitṛ-tarpaṇa according to this verse?

The verse states that tarpaṇa may be performed by disciples, sons, grandsons (including grandsons through daughters), relatives, and even others—provided they are observing the ancestral rite (pitṛ-vrata).

What practice is being recommended in this shloka?

It recommends offering tarpaṇa—ritual libations meant to “satisfy” or honor the Pitṛs (ancestors)—as part of pitṛ-vrata/ancestral observances.

What ethical or dharmic lesson does the verse convey?

It emphasizes continuity of duty toward ancestors and broadens responsibility beyond only direct sons, recognizing disciples, extended family, and other qualified persons as capable of maintaining ancestral rites.