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Shloka 91

The Birth of King Pṛthu: Vena’s Fall, the Sages’ Churning, and Earth’s Surrender

तं ददृशुः प्रजाः सर्वा मुनयश्च तपोमलाः । ऊचुः परस्परं पुण्या एष राजा महामतिः

taṃ dadṛśuḥ prajāḥ sarvā munayaśca tapomalāḥ | ūcuḥ parasparaṃ puṇyā eṣa rājā mahāmatiḥ

すべての民は彼を見、苦行(タパス)によって清められたムニたちもまた彼を拝した。徳ある者たちは互いに言った、「この王は大いなる心を備える」。

तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म) — object
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम
ददृशुःsaw
ददृशुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया) — main verb
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
प्रजाःsubjects/people
प्रजाः:
Karta (कर्ता) — subject (part 1)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karta (कर्ता) — subject-qualifier
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण
मुनयःsages
मुनयः:
Karta (कर्ता) — subject (part 2, coordinated)
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय — समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)
तपोमलाःaustere/ascetic
तपोमलाः:
Karta (कर्ता) — subject-qualifier
TypeAdjective
Rootतपस्-मल (प्रातिपदिक; तपस् + मल)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण — ‘तपसा मलाः (मलिनाः)’ / ‘तपः एव मलः (आभरणम्) येषाम्’ (ascetic, with austerity as their ‘ornament’)
ऊचुःsaid
ऊचुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया) — main verb
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural); परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
परस्परम्to one another
परस्परम्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् प्रयोग (indeclinable usage) — क्रियाविशेषण (adverb): ‘to one another’
पुण्याःvirtuous/pious
पुण्याः:
Karta (कर्ता) — subject-qualifier
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (addressing/qualifying the speakers)
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta (कर्ता) — subject (of nominal sentence)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (demonstrative)
राजाking
राजा:
Karta (कर्ता) — predicate nominative/apposition
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
महामतिःgreat-minded
महामतिः:
Karta (कर्ता) — subject-qualifier
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा-मति (प्रातिपदिक; महा + मति)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण — ‘महती मतिः यस्य’ (great-minded/intelligent)

Narrator (third-person narration within the Purāṇic discourse; specific dialogue speaker not explicit in this verse)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Sandhi Resolution Notes: मुनयश्च → मुनयः + च; तपोमलाः = तपस् + मलाः; स्तूयतामेष (not in this verse) N/A.

FAQs

It portrays collective recognition—by both common people and ascetic sages—of a ruler’s greatness, emphasizing visible virtue and wisdom in kingship.

It indicates sages whose impurities are cleansed through tapas (austerity), suggesting moral and spiritual authority behind their assessment.

True leadership is validated by the respect of the righteous: when the wise and the virtuous acknowledge a ruler as mahāmati (great-minded), it implies governance grounded in discernment and dharma.