Shloka 61

Pūjādi-kathana — Gaṅgā Vratas, Tenfold Worship, Stotra, and Mokṣa on the Riverbank

Devanagari script

अदत्तानामुपादानं हिंसा चैवाविधानतः । परदारोपसेवा च कायिकं त्रिविधं स्मृतम् ॥ ६१ ॥

Transliteration

adattānāmupādānaṃ hiṃsā caivāvidhānataḥ | paradāropasevā ca kāyikaṃ trividhaṃ smṛtam || 61 ||

Translation

与えられていないものを取ること、法に背いて害を加えること、そして他人の配偶者に仕える（姦淫する）こと—これら三つは身の三種の罪と記憶される。

Word by Word

• अदत्तानाम्: of what is not given
• अदत्तानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अदत्त (कृदन्त; अ+दा)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (सामान्यतः ‘अदत्त’ = not given); षष्ठी विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन; ‘अदत्तानाम्’ = of things not given

• उपादानम्: taking/appropriation
• उपादानम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपादान (प्रातिपदिक; उप+आ+दा)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; अत्र प्रथमा (enumerated item)

• हिंसा: violence
• हिंसा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिंसा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक निपात (emphasis)

• अविधानतः: improperly / contrary to rule
• अविधानतः: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अविधान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb); ‘अविधानतः’ = from improper method/contrary to rule

• पर-दार-उपसेवा: association with another’s wife
• पर-दार-उपसेवा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक) + दार (प्रातिपदिक) + उपसेवा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषसमासः—परस्य दाराः (another’s wife) तेषाम् उपसेवा (sexual association)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• कायिकम्: bodily
• कायिकम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कायिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण—कायसम्बन्धि (bodily)

• त्रिविधम्: threefold
• त्रिविधम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + विध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्विगुसमासः—त्रयो विधाः यस्य (threefold)

• स्मृतम्: is declared/considered
• स्मृतम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; भावे/कर्मणि—‘is said/considered’

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It defines the core bodily transgressions that bind a person to negative karma—stealing, wrongful violence, and adultery—thereby outlining essential restraints (yamas) for dharmic life.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is supported by purity of conduct; by avoiding these bodily sins, a devotee preserves inner clarity and steadiness needed for sincere worship and remembrance of the Lord.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

The verse relies on vidhi/niṣedha (scriptural injunctions and prohibitions), a practical application often clarified through Mimamsa-style dharma reasoning and Smriti-based conduct rules rather than a technical Vedanga like Jyotisha.