Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 12

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

द्वितीया च चतुर्थी स्याञ्चेष्टायां गतिकर्मणि । अप्राणिषु विभक्ती द्वे मन्यकर्मण्यनादरे ॥ १२ ॥

Transliteration

dvitīyā ca caturthī syāñceṣṭāyāṃ gatikarmaṇi | aprāṇiṣu vibhaktī dve manyakarmaṇyanādare || 12 ||

Translation

努力を表す言い回し、また移動や行為を示す動詞においては、第二格（対格）と第四格（与格）の両方が用いられ得る。無生物についてもこの二つの格語尾が用いられ、とりわけ manyat（「…と見なす」）の構文や、軽視・不敬を示す場合に用いられる。

Word by Word

• द्वितीया: the second case (accusative)
• द्वितीया: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वितीया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विभक्तिनाम

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• चतुर्थी: the fourth case (dative)
• चतुर्थी: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर्थी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विभक्तिनाम

• स्यात्: should be
• स्यात्: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• चेष्टायाम्: in effort/activity
• चेष्टायाम्: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चेष्टा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• गति-कर्मणि: in the action of motion
• गति-कर्मणि: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गति + कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (गतेः कर्म)

• अप्राणिषु: among non-living things
• अप्राणिषु: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्राणिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; नञ्-पूर्वकः (non-living beings)

• विभक्ती: two case(-usages)
• विभक्ती: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विभक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, द्विवचन (विभक्ती = विभक्त्यौ); ‘case-endings/cases’

• द्वे: two
• द्वे: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, द्विवचन; संख्याविशेषण

• मनि-कार्ये: in the object of ‘thinking/considering’ (with mani)
• मनि-कार्ये: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनि (कर्मप्रवचनीय/निपात) + कार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; ‘मनि’ इत्यस्य योगे ‘कार्य’ (object of thinking/considering)

• अनादरे: in disrespect / in disregard
• अनादरे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनादर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वकः (disrespect)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a Vedanga/Vyakarana context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes Vedāṅga-Vyākaraṇa as a support for precise scriptural understanding—correct case-usage preserves intended meaning in dharma, mantra, and mokṣa-oriented teachings.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: bhakti is strengthened by śāstra-śravaṇa and correct comprehension; grammar prevents misinterpretation of Vishnu-stuti, vrata-vidhi, and dharma instructions found throughout the Narada Purana.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa: a rule that both accusative (dvitīyā) and dative (caturthī) can be used with verbs of effort/motion/action, and also with inanimates in ‘regarding/considering’ (manyat) and in senses implying disregard.