Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 67

Janaka’s Quest for Liberation; Pañcaśikha’s Sāṅkhya on Renunciation, Elements, Guṇas, and the Deathless State

Devanagari script

द्रव्यत्यागे तु कर्माणि भोगत्यागे व्रतानि च । सुखत्यागा तपो योगं सर्वत्यागे समापना ॥ ६७ ॥

Transliteration

dravyatyāge tu karmāṇi bhogatyāge vratāni ca | sukhatyāgā tapo yogaṃ sarvatyāge samāpanā || 67 ||

Translation

財を捨てるときは定めの務め（カルマ）を行い、感官の享楽を捨てるときは誓戒（ヴラタ）を守るべきである。安楽を捨てることから苦行（タパス）とヨーガが生まれ、すべてを捨てるところに究竟の成就がある。

Word by Word

• द्रव्य-त्यागे: in renunciation of possessions
• द्रव्य-त्यागे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रव्य (प्रातिपदिक) + त्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th case), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘द्रव्यस्य त्यागः’ (renunciation of possessions)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध/वाक्यालङ्कार (Contrast)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (contrastive particle)

• कर्माणि: actions/rites
• कर्माणि: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; in elliptical listing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), बहुवचन

• भोग-त्यागे: in renunciation of enjoyments
• भोग-त्यागे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोग (प्रातिपदिक) + त्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘भोगस्य त्यागः’ (renunciation of enjoyments)

• व्रतानि: vows/observances
• व्रतानि: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; in listing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction)

• सुख-त्यागात्: from renunciation of pleasure
• सुख-त्यागात्: अपादान (Apādāna/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक) + त्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘सुखस्य त्यागः’; अपादान (ablative ‘from/by’)

• तपः: austerity
• तपः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject; in listing)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• योगम्: yoga/union
• योगम्: कर्म (Karma/Object; implied ‘(प्राप्नोति) योगम्’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन

• सर्व-त्यागे: in total renunciation
• सर्व-त्यागे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + त्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; कर्मधारय/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष sense: ‘सर्वस्य त्यागः’ (renunciation of everything)

• समापना: completion/culmination
• समापना: कर्ता (Karta/Predicate-noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समापन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; (पाठभेद/रूपभेद सम्भव: ‘समापनम्’ नपुंसक)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in the Moksha-Dharma dialogue)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none (generic 'vratāni' mentioned)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It presents a graded map of sādhana: renouncing wealth refines karma, renouncing enjoyment refines vrata, renouncing comfort ripens into tapas and yoga, and complete tyāga brings the final culmination toward moksha.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By recommending progressive detachment, it protects bhakti from being weakened by possessions, pleasures, and comfort; vows and disciplined living become supports for single-pointed devotion and steadiness in remembrance.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Ritual discipline is implied through karmāṇi (nitya/naimittika duties) and vratāni (observances like fasting days and purificatory rules), emphasizing correct practice and regulated conduct rather than a technical Vedanga such as Vyākaraṇa.