Shloka 24

Adhyaya 90 — The Slaying of Shumbha and the Reabsorption of the Goddesses into Ambika

Sanskrit

ततः प्रसन्नमखिलं हते तस्मिन् दुरात्मनि ।

जगत्स्वास्थ्यमतीवाप निर्मलं चाभवन्नभः ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ prasannam akhilaṃ hate tasmin durātmani /

jagat svāsthyam atīvāpa nirmalaṃ cābhavann abhaḥ

Translation

かの悪しき者が討たれると、万事は静まり、世界は大いなる安寧を得て、天は澄みわたった。

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then, thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Avyaya), उपपद/क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial): ‘thereupon/then’

• prasannam: became serene/clear
• prasannam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prasanna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन (sg); विशेषण (adjective)

• akhilam: entire, all
• akhilam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: akhila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘prasannam’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• hate: when slain / after being killed
• hate: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: han (हन् धातु) → hata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त/क्तप्रत्यय), सप्तमी एकवचन (locative sg) नपुंसक/पुं-सम्भव; ‘when/after (he) was slain’

• tasmin: in him / in that (one)
• tasmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masc), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• durātmani: in the wicked-souled one
• durātmani: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durātman (दुरात्मन् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; विशेष्य (apposition to tasmin)

• jagat: world
• jagat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat (जगत् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासपूर्वपद (in compound)

• svāsthyam: well-being, health
• svāsthyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svāsthya (स्वास्थ्य प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासाङ्ग (in compound)

• atīva: exceedingly
• atīva: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atīva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, तीव्रतावाचक क्रियाविशेषण (intensifier adverb)

• āpa: attained
• āpa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: āp (आप् धातु)
• Form: लिट्/लुङ्-सम्भाव्य पाठभेद; अत्र: लुङ् (Aorist/लुङ्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; ‘obtained/attained’

• nirmalam: spotless, pure
• nirmalam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nirmala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘nabhaḥ’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• abhavat: became
• abhavat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• nabhaḥ: the sky
• nabhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nabhas (नभस् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन; कर्तृपद

Speakers

• Narrative voice within Devī Māhātmyam

Primary Deities

• Devī

Shakti Aspects

• Devī as restorer of ṛta/dharma

Key Themes

• Restoration of order
• Peace after conflict
• Cosmic health (svāsthya)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The removal of tyranny is not only moral but healing; dharma is portrayed as the condition for clarity (nirmalatā) and collective well-being.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Manvantara-context narration that illustrates the maintenance of the world-order (a common Purāṇic purpose alongside the five marks).

What is the esoteric significance?

A ‘clear sky’ symbolizes clarity of awareness after the fall of inner darkness; svāsthya is wholeness—being established in one’s own nature (sva-stha).