Shloka 1

Adhyaya 60 — Descriptions of Kimpurusha-varsha, Hari-varsha, Ilavrita (Meru-varsha), Ramyaka, and Hiranyamaya

Sanskrit

इति श्रीमार्कण्डेयपुराणेऽथोत्तरकुरुकथनं नामैकोनषष्टितमोऽध्यायः ।

षष्टितमोऽध्यायः—

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।

यत्तु किम्पुरुषं वर्षं तत् प्रवक्ष्याम्यहं द्विज ।

यत्रायुर् दशसाहस्रं पुरुषाणां वपुष्मताम् ॥

Transliteration

iti śrī-mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇe 'thottara-kuru-kathanaṃ nāmaikonaṣaṣṭitamo 'dhyāyaḥ | ṣaṣṭitamo 'dhyāyaḥ— mārkaṇḍeya uvāca | yat tu kiṃpuruṣaṃ varṣaṃ tat pravakṣyāmy ahaṃ dvija | yatrāyur daśa-sāhasraṃ puruṣāṇāṃ vapuṣmatām ||

Translation

（奥書）かくして『聖マールカṇḍेय・プラーナ』における「ウッタラ・クルーの叙述」と名づけられた第五十九章は終わる。（ここより）第六十章。マールカṇḍेयは言った。「いま我はキンプリシャと呼ばれる地方を説こう、ああ二度生まれの者よ。そこでは身を具する人々の寿命は一万年である。」

Word by Word

• iti: thus
• iti: Vākyopasaṃhāra (वाक्योपसंहार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इति-शब्दः (closure/quotative)

• śrī-mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇe: in the Śrī Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa
• śrī-mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śrī (प्रातिपदिक) + mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक) + purāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषसमासः (title-compound)

• atha: then
• atha: Vākyārambha (वाक्यारम्भ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आरम्भ/अनन्तर (then/now)

• uttara-kuru-kathanam: the narration of Uttara-Kuru
• uttara-kuru-kathanam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: uttara (प्रातिपदिक) + kuru (प्रातिपदिक) + kathana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (uttarakurūṇāṃ kathanam)

• nāma: named
• nāma: Saṃjñā-bodhaka (संज्ञाबोधक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; नाम-शब्दः (designation marker: ‘named’)

• ekona-ṣaṣṭitamaḥ: fifty-ninth
• ekona-ṣaṣṭitamaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ekona (प्रातिपदिक) + ṣaṣṭitama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-तत्पुरुषः (‘one-less-than-sixtieth’ = 59th)

• adhyāyaḥ: chapter
• adhyāyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• ṣaṣṭitamaḥ: sixtieth
• ṣaṣṭitamaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ṣaṣṭitama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (ordinal)

• adhyāyaḥ: chapter
• adhyāyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Mārkaṇḍeya
• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• yat: which
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• tu: indeed
• tu: Vākyasambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/अन्वय (but/indeed)

• kiṃpuruṣam: Kiṃpuruṣa (name)
• kiṃpuruṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kiṃpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• varṣam: region/land (varṣa)
• varṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; निर्देश (that)

• pravakṣyāmi: I will explain
• pravakṣyāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√vac (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• dvija: O twice-born
• dvija: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन

• yatra: where
• yatra: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yatra (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सम्बन्ध-देशवाचक (relative locative adverb: where)

• āyuḥ: lifespan
• āyuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āyus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• daśa-sāhasram: ten thousand
• daśa-sāhasram: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśa (प्रातिपदिक) + sāhasra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (daśa sahasrāṇi = ten thousand)

• puruṣāṇām: of men
• puruṣāṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• vapuṣmatām: of the embodied
• vapuṣmatām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vapuṣmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त (possessive adjective: ‘having a body’)

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya (speaker within the narrative)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Sacred geography
• Mythic anthropology (lifespans)
• Textual colophon/structuring

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Different realms reflect different conditions of embodied life; longevity is presented as environmentally and dharmically conditioned, not merely biological.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Cosmography and world-ordering (sarga/pratisarga adjunct), with anthropological notes (lifespan) typical of varṣa descriptions.

What is the esoteric significance?

Ten-thousand-year lifespan motifs indicate a subtler density of embodiment and a slower karmic tempo—time itself appears graded across cosmic regions.