Shloka 12

Adhyaya 52 — The Manifestation of Nilalohita (Rudra) and the Allocation of His Names, Abodes, Consorts, and Lineages

Sanskrit

एवम्प्रकारो रुद्रोऽसौ सतीं भार्यामविन्दत ।

दक्षकोपाच्च तत्याज सा सती स्वं कलेवरम् ॥

Transliteration

evamprakāro rudro 'sau satīṃ bhāryām avindata | dakṣakopāc ca tatyāja sā satī svaṃ kalevaram ||

Translation

かくしてルドラ（Rudra）はサティー（Satī）を妻として得た。だがダクシャ（Dakṣa）の怒りにより彼女は退けられ、そのサティーは自らの身を捨て去った。

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• prakāraḥ: manner; form
• prakāraḥ: Karta (कर्ता) / viśeṣya of implied 'asti'
• Type: Noun
• Root: prakāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) singular (एकवचन)

• rudraḥ: Rudra (Śiva)
• rudraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative singular

• asau: that (he)
• asau: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to rudraḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asau (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine, Nominative singular

• satīm: Satī
• satīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: satī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) singular

• bhāryām: wife
• bhāryām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative singular; in apposition to satīm

• avindata: found; obtained
• avindata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vid (विद्) (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्) imperfect/past, Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) singular (एकवचन)

• dakṣa: of Dakṣa
• dakṣa: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (षष्ठी) singular (in compound with kopa)

• kopāt: from anger
• kopāt: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kopa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (पञ्चमी) singular

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• tatyāja: abandoned; gave up
• tatyāja: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tyaj (त्यज्) (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (लिट्) perfect, Parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्) (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Feminine, Nominative singular

• satī: Satī
• satī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: satī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative singular; apposition to sā

• svam: her own
• svam: Karma (कर्म) (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (स्व) (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Possessive pronoun/adjective, Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) Accusative singular; agrees with kalevaram

• kalevaram: body
• kalevaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kalevara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative singular

Speakers

• Narratorial genealogical discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Primary Deities

• Rudra/Śiva
• Satī
• Dakṣa

Shakti Aspects

• Satī (precursor aspect leading to Pārvatī)

Key Themes

• Genealogy
• Śaiva-Paurāṇic narrative
• Renunciation of the body (yoga/tyāga motif)
• Cause-and-effect of insult/anger in sacred relations

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The episode frames the destructive power of pride and anger (Dakṣa’s kopa) and the sanctity of marital and devotional bonds. Satī’s relinquishing of the body is also read as a yogic refusal to participate in adharma and dishonor.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Vaṁśa (genealogies) and Vaṁśānucarita (accounts of lineages/personages), since the narrative is transitioning into divine and sage lineages.

What is the esoteric significance?

Satī’s abandonment of the body can symbolize withdrawal of śakti from a field polluted by ego and sacrificial formalism without devotion—prefiguring her re-manifestation in a purer setting as Himavat’s daughter.