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Shloka 36

Adhyaya 49Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

कृत्रिमं च तथा दुर्गं मित्वा मित्वात्मनोऽङ्गुलैः ।

मानार्थानि प्रमाणानि तास् तु पूर्वं प्रचक्रिरे ॥

kṛtrimaṃ ca tathā durgaṃ mitvā mitvātmano 'ṅgulaiḥ | mānārthāni pramāṇāni tās tu pūrvaṃ pracakrire ||

また同様に、彼らは自らの指を尺度として人工の城砦を測り定め、数量化のために度量の基準(プラマーナ pramāṇa)を初めて定めた。

कृत्रिमम्artificial
कृत्रिमम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्रिम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग); qualifying दुर्गम्
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय)
तथाthus / likewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (अव्यय)
दुर्गम्a fort / stronghold
दुर्गम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
मित्वाhaving measured
मित्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया/Anterior action)
TypeVerb
Root√मा (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), 'having measured'
मित्वाhaving measured (again)
मित्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया/Anterior action)
TypeVerb
Root√मा (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), repetition for emphasis
आत्मनःof themselves
आत्मनः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध/Possessive)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)
अङ्गुलैःwith fingers
अङ्गुलैः:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गुलि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
मानार्थानिfor measurement purposes
मानार्थानि:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमान + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) qualifying प्रमाणानि; तत्पुरुष: मानस्य अर्थः → 'for measuring'
प्रमाणानिmeasures / standards
प्रमाणानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
ताःthey (those women)
ताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग)
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
FormAdversative particle (अव्यय)
पूर्वम्formerly / at first
पूर्वम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
FormAdverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषण)
प्रचक्रिरेthey fashioned / they made
प्रचक्रिरे:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √कृ (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
Narrative voice within didactic exposition

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

StandardizationTechnology and societyMeasurement systemsBuilt environment

FAQs

Measurement and standardization arise with construction, ownership, and defense—tools of order that also reflect a shift from trust in natural provision to controlled management.

Manvantara/yuga social evolution: the emergence of arts, crafts, and institutions within an age’s unfolding.

‘Measuring by one’s own fingers’ suggests the ego making itself the yardstick; as inner harmony declines, reality is increasingly ‘reduced to measure’ and controlled.