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Shloka 47

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

सपिण्डानां सपिण्डस्तु मृते 'न्यस्मिन्मृतो यदि ।

पूर्वाशौचसमाख्यातैः कार्यास्त्वत्र दिनैः क्रियाः ॥

Transliteration

sapiṇḍānāṃ sapiṇḍas tu mṛte 'nyasmin mṛto yadi | pūrvāśauca-samākhyātaiḥ kāryās tv atra dinaiḥ kriyāḥ ||

Translation

サピンダ（sapiṇḍa）親族のうちで、すでに一つの死に伴うアシュौチャ（aśauca）が効力を有している間に、別のサピンダが死んだなら、ここに説かれる儀礼は先行するアシュौチャにおいて数えられた日数に従って行うべきである。

Word by Word
सपिण्डानाम्of sapinda relatives
सपिण्डानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootसपिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन; ‘of sapinda-relatives’
सपिण्डःa sapinda (relative)
सपिण्डः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसपिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन
तुbut
तु:
सम्बन्ध/विरोध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle; contrast/emphasis)
मृतेwhen (one) has died
मृते:
अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत (कृदन्त; √मृ (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘when (someone) has died’
अन्यस्मिन्in another (case/person)
अन्यस्मिन्:
अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘in another (person)’
मृतःdies / is dead
मृतः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत (कृदन्त; √मृ (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; ‘dead’
यदिif
यदि:
हेतु/शर्त (condition)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conditional particle)
पूर्वprevious
पूर्व:
समासाङ्ग (निर्देशक)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासपूर्वपद (indeclinable in compound); ‘previous’
अशौचimpurity
अशौच:
समासाङ्ग (निर्देशक)
TypeNoun
Rootअशौच (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, समासपूर्वपद; ‘impurity’
समाख्यातैःby those (days) declared for the previous impurity
समाख्यातैः:
करण (Instrumental/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाख्यात (कृदन्त; सम्+आ+√ख्या (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: पूर्व-अशौच-समाख्यात = ‘as declared for the previous impurity’
कार्याःare to be performed
कार्याः:
विधेय (predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootकार्य (कृदन्त; √कृ (धातु) + ण्यत्)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (विधेय), बहुवचन; ण्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त ‘to be done’
तुindeed/but
तु:
सम्बन्ध/विरोध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
देशाधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb of place)
दिनैःwith days / by days
दिनैः:
करण (Instrumental/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन
क्रियाःrites/acts
क्रियाः:
कर्म/विधेय (things to be done)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/विधेय), बहुवचन
Speakers
Dharma-instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic discourse (speaker not specified in the excerpt)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
Compound mourning periodsSapiṇḍa dharmaRitual calendricsAśauca continuity rules

FAQs

The system prevents endless disruption: overlapping deaths are handled by reference to an existing impurity-cycle, maintaining ritual coherence and social functionality.

Ācāra/dharma instruction embedded in the purāṇa.

Aśauca is treated like a single ‘field condition’; additional events within it do not create a new field but are absorbed into the existing liminal interval.

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