Shloka 31

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

न चालपेज्जनद्विष्टां वीरहीनां तथा स्त्रियम् । गृहादुच्छिष्टविण्मूत्रपादाम्भांसि क्षिपेद्वहिः ॥

Transliteration

na cālapen janadviṣṭāṃ vīrahīnāṃ tathā striyam / gṛhād ucchiṣṭaviṇmūtrapādāmbhāṃsi kṣiped bahiḥ

Translation

人々に憎まれる女とも、庇護や支えのない女とも、語り合ってはならない。また、食べ残し、糞尿、そして足を洗った水は家の外へ捨てるべきである。

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• ālaped: should not speak (to)
• ālaped: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ālap (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; धातुः—आलप् (to speak/converse)

• jana-dviṣṭām: a woman hated by people
• jana-dviṣṭām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jana (प्रातिपदिक) + dviṣṭa (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (hated by people); विशेषणम् (qualifying 'striyam')

• vīra-hīnām: devoid of a husband/hero
• vīra-hīnām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक) + hīna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषः (devoid of a man/hero); विशेषणम्

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: रीत्यर्थक-अव्यय

• striyam: a woman
• striyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: strī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), एकवचनम्

• gṛhāt: from the house
• gṛhāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गम्, पञ्चमी (5th/ablative), एकवचनम्

• ucchiṣṭa-viṇ-mūtra-pāda-ambhāṃsi: leftovers, feces, urine, and water used for washing feet
• ucchiṣṭa-viṇ-mūtra-pāda-ambhāṃsi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ucchiṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक) + viṇ (प्रातिपदिक) + mūtra (प्रातिपदिक) + pāda (प्रातिपदिक) + ambhas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया (2nd/accusative), बहुवचनम्; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (leftovers+feces+urine+foot-water)

• kṣipet: should throw
• kṣipet: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṣip (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; धातुः—क्षिप् (to throw/cast)

• bahiḥ: outside
• bahiḥ: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bahiḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: outside)

Speakers

• Dharma-instruction voice within the Purāṇic discourse (didactic narration; not Devi Māhātmya)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Sadācāra (good conduct)
• Gṛhastha duties
• Household hygiene
• Social propriety

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse combines social prudence (avoiding scandalous or risky associations) with strict household purity norms. It reflects a dharma ideal that personal discipline and domestic cleanliness uphold communal harmony.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma material (ācāra) embedded in the Purāṇa; not a direct pancalakṣaṇa category.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Discarding leavings and impurities’ points to removing residual mental impressions (saṃskāra-śeṣa) that pollute clarity; ‘guarded speech/association’ indicates protection of prāṇa and mind from destabilizing influences.