Shloka 83

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

स्नायीत चेलवान् प्राज्ञः कटभूमिमुपेत्य च ।

देववेदद्विजातीनां साधुसत्यमहात्मनाम् ॥

Transliteration

snāyīta celavān prājñaḥ kaṭabhūmim upetya ca / devavedadvijātīnāṃ sādhusatyamahātmanām

Translation

賢者は沐浴し、清らかな衣をまとい、浄められた相応の場所に近づくべきである。さらに、神々、ヴェーダ、二度生まれの者、そして真実にして大いなる心をもつ聖者たちに対して、敬虔に振る舞うべきである。

Word by Word

• स्नायीत: should bathe
• स्नायीत: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्ना (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/Imperative sense), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), परस्मैपद

• चेलवान्: wearing clothes
• चेलवान्: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चेलवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective)

• प्राज्ञः: the wise man
• प्राज्ञः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कटभूमिम्: a mat/grass-covered ground
• कटभूमिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कटभूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (kaṭasya bhūmiḥ)

• उपेत्य: having approached
• उपेत्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-इ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• देववेदद्विजातीनाम्: of gods, Vedas, and the twice-born
• देववेदद्विजातीनाम्: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + वेद + द्विजाति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (collective), षष्ठी (genitive), बहुवचन; समासः इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (devaś ca vedaś ca dvijātayaś ca)

• साधुसत्यमहात्मनाम्: of the virtuous, truthful, and great-souled
• साधुसत्यमहात्मनाम्: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साधु + सत्य + महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (collective), षष्ठी, बहुवचन; समासः इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (sādhavaś ca satyāś ca mahātmānaś ca)

Speakers

• Didactic narrator within Markandeya Purana

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devas (general)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śauca (purity)
• Reverence for Veda and sādhus

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

External cleanliness is paired with social-spiritual reverence: purity of body supports purity of conduct, especially in relation to sacred learning and virtuous people.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma-ācāra instruction.

What is the esoteric significance?

Bathing and clean clothing signify inner reset; honoring Veda and the truthful is honoring the principle of ṛta (cosmic order) manifest in speech and conduct.