Shloka 33

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

तथानुगमनं कुर्यात् प्रतिकूलं न संजयेत् ।

नैकवस्त्रश्च भुञ्जीत न कुर्याद्देवतार्चनम् ॥

Transliteration

tathānugamanaṃ kuryāt pratikūlaṃ na saṃjayet | naika-vastraś ca bhuñjīta na kuryād devatārcanam ||

Translation

長老・師に対しては相応に随伴し、みずから対立してはならない。衣を一枚だけまとって食事してはならず、その不適切な状態で神々への礼拝を行ってはならない。

Word by Word

• तथा: thus, in that manner
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb)

• अनुगमनम्: following, going after
• अनुगमनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anu-gamana (प्रातिपदिक; गमन from √गम् धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा एकवचन (acc./nom. sg.; here object)

• कुर्यात्: should do
• कुर्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• प्रतिकूलम्: what is adverse/hostile
• प्रतिकूलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pratikūla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; विशेषणरूपेण (adjectival)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• संजयेत्: should conquer/overcome
• संजयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√जि (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• एकवस्त्रः: wearing a single garment
• एकवस्त्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka-vastra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (एकं वस्त्रं यस्य/एकवस्त्रः), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• भुञ्जीत: should eat
• भुञ्जीत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भुज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• कुर्यात्: should do
• कुर्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• देवतार्चनम्: worship of a deity
• देवतार्चनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devatā-arcana (प्रातिपदिक; arcana from √अर्च् धातु)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (देवतायाः अर्चनम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic discourse (speaker not specified in the provided extract)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devatās (generic)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Etiquette toward elders
• Ritual propriety
• Modesty

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Harmony with elders/teachers is treated as a dharmic duty; oppositional behavior is a moral fault. Proper dress is linked to inner reverence—ritual acts should not be performed casually or immodestly.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma instruction; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Single-garment eating/worship symbolizes insufficient ‘covering’ of the senses (indriyas). The rule encodes the idea that worship requires a protected, composed psycho-physical state.