Shloka 31

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

न च पश्येद्रवीं नेन्दुं न नक्षत्राणि कामतः ।

भिन्नासनं तथा शय्यां भाजनञ्च विवर्जयेत् ॥

Transliteration

na ca paśyed ravīṃ nenduṃ na nakṣatrāṇi kāmataḥ | bhinnāsanaṃ tathā śayyāṃ bhājanaṃ ca vivarjayet ||

Translation

ただの気まぐれで太陽・月・星々を見つめてはならない。また、壊れた座、壊れた寝台、損なわれた器を避けるべきである。

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• पश्येत्: should see/look at
• पश्येत्: क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पश् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• रविम्: the sun
• रविम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रवि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• इन्दुम्: the moon
• इन्दुम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• नक्षत्राणि: stars/constellations
• नक्षत्राणि: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नक्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• कामतः: at will, as one likes
• कामतः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कामतस् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (according to desire/at will)

• भिन्नासनम्: a broken seat
• भिन्नासनम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भिन्न (कृदन्त; √भिद्) + आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (broken + seat)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थ (likewise)

• शय्याम्: a bed
• शय्याम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शय्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• भाजनम्: a vessel
• भाजनम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• विवर्जयेत्: should avoid
• विवर्जयेत्: क्रिया (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√वृज्/वर्ज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic discourse (speaker not specified in the provided extract)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Sūrya
• Candra

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Indriya-nigraha (sense restraint)
• Auspiciousness norms
• Household discipline

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse discourages idle sensory indulgence and promotes mindful living. Avoiding damaged household items reflects a preference for order, safety, and auspiciousness in daily life.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra material; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Luminaries govern time and ritual; ‘whimsical’ gazing suggests distraction from dharma-oriented attention. Broken objects symbolize ‘bhinnatā’ (fragmentation); avoiding them mirrors the aspiration for wholeness in conduct and mind.