Shloka 21

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

केशप्रसाधनादर्शदर्शनं दन्तधावनम् ।

पूर्वाह्न एव कार्याणि देवतानाञ्च तर्पणम् ॥

Transliteration

keśaprasādhanādarśadarśanaṃ dantadhāvanam |

pūrvāhna eva kāryāṇi devatānāñca tarpaṇam ||

Translation

髪を整えること、鏡を見ること、歯を清めること—これらは午前中にのみ行うべきである。同様に、神々への水供（タルパナ tarpaṇa）もまた午前に行うべきである。

Word by Word

• keśa-prasādhana-ādarśa-darśanam: hair-grooming and mirror-looking
• keśa-prasādhana-ādarśa-darśanam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: keśa (प्रातिपदिक) + prasādhana (प्रातिपदिक) + ādarśa (प्रातिपदिक) + darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; samāhāra-dvandva: 'hair-grooming and mirror-looking' as a collective item

• danta-dhāvanam: tooth-cleaning
• danta-dhāvanam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: danta (प्रातिपदिक) + dhāvana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa: 'washing/cleaning of teeth'

• pūrvāhne: in the forenoon
• pūrvāhne: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pūrvāhna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī (7th), Ekavacana

• eva: indeed; only
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avadhāraṇa-nipāta (अवधारण)

• kāryāṇi: (these) acts should be done
• kāryāṇi: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana (बहुवचन)

• devatānām: of the deities
• devatānām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devatā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (6th), Bahuvacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• tarpaṇam: offering of satisfaction (libation)
• tarpaṇam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tarpaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana

Speakers

• Unspecified in provided excerpt; household discipline code

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devatās (general)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śauca (purity)
• Daily regimen
• Devatā-tarpaṇa

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse regulates bodily routines and worship timing, emphasizing orderliness and purity as supports for dharmic living.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra-dharma; not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Morning is linked with sāttvika clarity; restricting such acts to pūrvāhna reflects aligning personal conduct with auspicious temporal qualities.