Shloka 80

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

धनवाहनवस्त्रादि यन्मदीयं तदेव वाम् ।

यत्तु वां वाञ्छितं दातुं धनं रत्नमथापि वा ॥

Transliteration

dhana-vāhana-vastrādi yan madīyaṃ tad eva vām |

yat tu vāṃ vāñchitaṃ dātuṃ dhanaṃ ratnam athāpi vā ||

Translation

「我がものはすべて――財宝、乗り物、衣服など――まことに汝らのものだ。さらに、汝ら二人が授けられたいと望むもの――金銭であれ、宝玉であれ――求めるがよい。」

Word by Word

• धन-वाहन-वस्त्र-आदि: wealth, vehicles, clothes, etc.
• धन-वाहन-वस्त्र-आदि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक) + वाहन (प्रातिपदिक) + वस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) used collectively; samāhāra-dvandva (समाहार-द्वन्द्व): ‘wealth, vehicles, clothes, etc.’

• यत्: whatever which
• यत्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative pronoun (यद्), Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• मदीयम्: mine
• मदीयम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मदीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); possessive adjective from अहम्

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Demonstrative pronoun, Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात) of emphasis/restriction

• वाम्: of you two/for you two
• वाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: 2nd person pronoun, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी) / Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Dual (द्विवचन); here genitive ‘of you two’

• यत्: whatever (that which)
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative pronoun, Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• तु: but/and indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात) contrast/emphasis

• वाम्: of you two
• वाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: 2nd person pronoun, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी) / Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Dual (द्विवचन); here genitive ‘of you two’

• वाञ्छितम्: desired
• वाञ्छितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाञ्छ् (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying implied object (e.g., ‘that desired thing’)

• दातुम्: to give
• दातुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्)

• धनम्: wealth/money
• धनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• रत्नम्: jewel
• रत्नम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• अथ: or/then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle/conjunction (निपात)

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात) ‘also/even’

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: Disjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक निपात)

Speakers

• Prince (nṛpaputra) to the two

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dāna (generosity)
• Hospitality and patronage
• Wealth as instrument of relationship

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Generosity is portrayed as royal virtue; yet the text often contrasts material gifts with the deeper duty of reciprocation and truthfulness—wealth cannot replace dharma.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita with dharma (dāna) coloration—an ethical value embedded in narrative action.

What is the esoteric significance?

Offerings of wealth and jewels can symbolize temptations of the senses and status; the hearer is prepared for a moral choice where inner commitment outweighs external reward.