Shloka 37

Adhyaya 18 — Arjuna Declines the Throne; Garga Directs Him to Dattatreya; The Gods Defeat the Daityas through Dattatreya’s Vision and the Movement of Lakshmi

Sanskrit

ते हन्यमाना दैतेयैर्देवाḥ शीघ्रं भयातुराः ।

दत्तात्रेयाश्रमं जग्मुः समेताः शरणार्थिनः ॥

Transliteration

te hanyamānā daiteyair devāḥ śīghraṃ bhayāturāḥ |

dattātreyāśramaṃ jagmuḥ sametāḥ śaraṇārthinaḥ ||

Translation

ダイティヤたちに打ち倒された神々は、恐怖に苦しみつつも急ぎ、そろってダッタートレーヤの庵（修行林）へ赴き、帰依の庇護を求めた。

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• हन्यमानाः: being struck/killed
• हन्यमानाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकर्मणि कृदन्त (present passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying देवाः)

• दैतेयैः: by the daityas
• दैतेयैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैतेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• शीघ्रम्: quickly
• शीघ्रम्: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शीघ्रम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• भयातुराः: distressed with fear
• भयातुराः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भय + आतुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (भयेन आतुराः = distressed by fear) विशेषण (qualifying देवाः)

• दत्तात्रेयाश्रमम्: Dattātreya’s hermitage
• दत्तात्रेयाश्रमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दत्तात्रेय (प्रातिपदिक) + आश्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (दत्तात्रेयस्य आश्रमः)

• जग्मुः: went
• जग्मुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• समेताः: assembled/together
• समेताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-इ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying देवाः)

• शरणार्थिनः: seeking refuge
• शरणार्थिनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शरण + अर्थिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष (शरणम् अर्थयन्ति = seeking refuge) विशेषण (qualifying देवाः)

Speakers

• Garga (narrator)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devas (collective)
• Dattātreya
• Daityas

Key Themes

• Śaraṇāgati (seeking refuge)
• Limits of deva power without spiritual support
• Hermitage as sanctuary

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even the gods require refuge in higher wisdom when overpowered. The verse elevates the āśrama (spiritual center) as the true sanctuary and implies that surrender to the realized is a legitimate dharmic response to crisis.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ākhyāna emphasizing dharma (śaraṇāgati) and the efficacy of tapas/jñāna; not a core pancalakṣaṇa exposition.

What is the esoteric significance?

The devas represent higher faculties that still falter under intensified ‘daitya’ forces (lower impulses). Retreating to the āśrama symbolizes returning to the seat of awareness for restoration and victory.