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Shloka 16

विराटसभायां पाण्डवानां प्रवेशः — Arjuna’s Encomium of Yudhiṣṭhira in Virāṭa’s Court

युधिष्ठिरस्यास्मि निदेशकारी पार्थस्तृतीयो युधि संस्थिती5स्मि । तदर्थमावृत्य मुखं प्रयच्छ नरेन्द्रवृत्तं समर धार्तराष्ट्र

arjuna uvāca | yudhiṣṭhirasya asmi nideśakārī pārthas tṛtīyo yudhi saṃsthito 'smi | tad-artham āvṛtya mukhaṃ prayaccha narendra-vṛttaṃ smara dhārtarāṣṭra ||

アルジュナは言った。「私はユディシュティラの命に従って動く。私はパーンダヴァの第三子、戦場に堅く立つ者だ。ゆえに引き返し、顔を見せて私と相まみえよ、ダーリタラーシュトラよ。王にふさわしい振る舞いを思い出せ――名誉と義務が立って戦えと呼ぶとき、逃走に安きを求めるな。」

युधिष्ठिरस्यof Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरस्य:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (to be)
FormPresent, First, Singular
निदेशकारीone who carries out commands (obedient executor)
निदेशकारी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिदेशकारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थःPārtha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तृतीयःthe third
तृतीयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध् (battle) / युध् (as noun stem युध्)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
संस्थितःstationed/standing
संस्थितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-स्था (to stand, be stationed)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (to be)
FormPresent, First, Singular
तत्that (purpose/that matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्थम्purpose, aim
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आवृत्यhaving covered/turning (back)
आवृत्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√वृ (to cover, turn)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय: ल्यप्)
मुखम्face
मुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रयच्छshow/give (to me); present
प्रयच्छ:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-दा (to give) / प्र-√यम् (to give)
FormImperative, Second, Singular
नरेन्द्रवृत्तम्the conduct/duty of a king
नरेन्द्रवृत्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनरेन्द्र-वृत्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समरO warrior (lit. battle-man)
समर:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्रO Dhārtarāṣṭra (son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
धार्तराष्ट्र:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Dhārtarāṣṭra (a son/descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse upholds kṣatriya-dharma and rāja-dharma: a warrior-king should not abandon the battlefield out of fear, and must maintain honor through steadfastness; Arjuna also models disciplined obedience by acting as Yudhiṣṭhira’s appointed agent.

Arjuna addresses a Dhārtarāṣṭra warrior who is retreating, declaring his own identity as the third Pāṇḍava acting under Yudhiṣṭhira’s command, and challenges the opponent to turn back and fight while recalling the proper conduct expected of a king.