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Shloka 90

अध्याय ३३ — कर्म, दैव, हठ, स्वभाव और पुरुषार्थ पर द्रौपदी का उपदेश

Draupadī on Action, Fate, and Human Effort

शत्रुहस्तगतां राजन्‌ कथंस्विन्नाहरेरमहीम्‌ । इह यत्नमुपाहृत्य बलेन महतान्वित:,“राजन! आप विशाल सेनासे सम्पन्न हो यहाँ प्रयत्नपूर्वक युद्ध ठानकर शत्रुओंके हाथमें गयी हुई पृथ्वीको उनसे छीन क्यों नहीं लेते?”

śatru-hasta-gatāṃ rājan kathaṃ svin nāhareḥ mahīm | iha yatnam upāhṛtya balena mahatā anvitaḥ ||

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは言った。「王よ、なぜ今この場で然るべき努力を起こし、汝の大いなる力に拠って、敵の手に落ちた大地を奪い返さぬのか。」

शत्रुहस्तगताम्gone into the enemy's hands
शत्रुहस्तगताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशत्रु-हस्त-गत (गता)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
स्वित्indeed/ever (interrogative particle)
स्वित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आहरेःyou do not take/bring (back)
आहरेः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-हृ (धातु: हृ)
FormPresent (Lat), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada, Indicative
महीम्the earth/kingdom
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
यत्नम्effort
यत्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपाहृत्यhaving brought/undertaken
उपाहृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-हृ (धातु: हृ)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
बलेनwith force/with an army
बलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
महताgreat
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अन्वितःendowed/possessed (with)
अन्वितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वित (अन्वि-इ / अनु-इ)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
King (rājan)
E
Enemies (śatru)
E
Earth/kingdom (mahī)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s dharma includes active protection and recovery of rightful sovereignty; when the realm is seized by enemies, the king should not remain passive but must exert himself, using legitimate strength to restore order.

The speaker addresses a king and challenges his inaction, asking why he does not undertake determined effort—backed by a strong army/power—to reclaim the land that has come under enemy control.