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Shloka 14

अध्याय ३३ — कर्म, दैव, हठ, स्वभाव और पुरुषार्थ पर द्रौपदी का उपदेश

Draupadī on Action, Fate, and Human Effort

दुर्मनुष्या हि निर्वेदमफलं स्वार्थधातकम्‌ | अशक्ता: श्रियमाहर्तुमात्मन: कुर्वते प्रियम्‌,“अपनी खोयी हुई राज्यलक्ष्मीका उद्धार करनेमें असमर्थ दुर्बल मनुष्य ही निष्फल और स्वार्थनाशक वैराग्यका आश्रय लेते हैं और उसीको प्रिय मानते हैं

durmanuṣyā hi nirvedam aphalaṃ svārthadhātakam | aśaktāḥ śriyam āhartum ātmanaḥ kurvate priyam |

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは言った。「まことに、失われた王の繁栄を取り戻す力もない、弱く卑しい者たちこそが、実りなき『離欲(ヴァイラーギャ)』に身を寄せる。それは実のところ自らの利益を滅ぼすものなのに、彼らはその態度を徳であるかのように愛してしまうのだ。」

दुर्मनुष्याःweak/wretched men
दुर्मनुष्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्मनुष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
निर्वेदम्dispassion, indifference
निर्वेदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्वेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अफलम्fruitless
अफलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअफल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्वार्थधातकम्destroying one's own interest
स्वार्थधातकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वार्थ-घातक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अशक्ताःunable, powerless
अशक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअशक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
श्रियम्fortune, prosperity (royal glory)
श्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आहर्तुम्to bring, to recover
आहर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-हृ
FormTumun (infinitive), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral (infinitive)
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कुर्वतेthey make/consider
कुर्वते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent (Lat), Atmanepada, Third, Plural
प्रियम्dear, pleasing (thing)
प्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Ś
Śrī (Lakṣmī/royal fortune)

Educational Q&A

The verse criticizes a kind of ‘renunciation’ that is merely an excuse for incapacity: when people cannot regain prosperity or fulfill duty, they may label their helplessness as detachment. True ethical strength is not escapism but responsible effort aligned with dharma.

In the Vana Parva context, the speaker frames a judgment about those who, after losing royal fortune, adopt a posture of resignation. The line functions as a moral commentary: inability to restore one’s rightful prosperity and duty can lead some to embrace a self-defeating, unproductive ‘vairāgya’ and call it admirable.